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<p>Flash droughts can lead to more severe reductions in crop productivity compared to slow-onset droughts. However, the diverse pathways of flash drought impact on crop yield remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of flash drought on crops in the United States, and disentangled the soil moisture and atmospheric stress pathways. Four datasets consistently identify intensified and prolonged flash droughts reduce yield with the sensitivity from −0.52%/% to −0.19%/%. Notably, remote sensing data reveal that the most pronounced impacts occur during the reproductive growth stage. The negative yield sensitivity to flash drought can be mainly attributed to the soil moisture stress, which is 3-4 times greater than atmospheric stress (atmospheric aridity: high vapor pressure deficit, and atmospheric heat: high extreme degree days). The long-term impacts of flash drought are estimated to be 2-7% yield reduction at national scale. Our findings highlight the critical importance of adapting abrupt climate extremes.</p>

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Flash droughts reduce national-scale crop yields in the United States

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Weihang Liu,
  • Yiqing Liu,
  • Yuchuan Luo,
  • Zhencheng Xing,
  • Lan Luo,
  • Junxiong Zhou,
  • Bo Yi,
  • Haibo Zhang

摘要

Flash droughts can lead to more severe reductions in crop productivity compared to slow-onset droughts. However, the diverse pathways of flash drought impact on crop yield remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of flash drought on crops in the United States, and disentangled the soil moisture and atmospheric stress pathways. Four datasets consistently identify intensified and prolonged flash droughts reduce yield with the sensitivity from −0.52%/% to −0.19%/%. Notably, remote sensing data reveal that the most pronounced impacts occur during the reproductive growth stage. The negative yield sensitivity to flash drought can be mainly attributed to the soil moisture stress, which is 3-4 times greater than atmospheric stress (atmospheric aridity: high vapor pressure deficit, and atmospheric heat: high extreme degree days). The long-term impacts of flash drought are estimated to be 2-7% yield reduction at national scale. Our findings highlight the critical importance of adapting abrupt climate extremes.