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<p>Global aridification threatens dryland ecosystems biodiversity and stability, yet the influence of multidimensional biodiversity on stability across aridity gradients is complex and context-dependent. Here we analyze plant and soil microbial diversity (taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional) across a 3,000-kilometer aridity gradient on the Mongolian Plateau and use multi-year observations from two validation sites. We identify a critical aridity threshold (Aridity ≈ 0.83) where stability mechanisms abruptly shift. Below this threshold (less arid conditions), ecosystem stability is positively linked to plant and fungal taxonomic richness. Above it (more arid conditions), stability correlates with conservative plant traits (lower special leaf area) and lower phylogenetic diversity, reflecting environmental filtering for stress-tolerant species. This transition is driven by a shift from C<sub>3</sub> to C<sub>4</sub> plant dominance, altering community traits and plant-microbial interactions. While our correlational findings require experimental confirmation, they challenge linear stability models, highlighting the importance of threshold-dependent biodiversity-environment interactions for dryland management.</p>

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Threshold-dependent shifts in ecosystem stability across aridity gradients on the Mongolian Plateau

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Wanjie Chen,
  • Liji Wu,
  • Bing Wang,
  • Ying Wu,
  • Yongfei Bai,
  • Dima Chen

摘要

Global aridification threatens dryland ecosystems biodiversity and stability, yet the influence of multidimensional biodiversity on stability across aridity gradients is complex and context-dependent. Here we analyze plant and soil microbial diversity (taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional) across a 3,000-kilometer aridity gradient on the Mongolian Plateau and use multi-year observations from two validation sites. We identify a critical aridity threshold (Aridity ≈ 0.83) where stability mechanisms abruptly shift. Below this threshold (less arid conditions), ecosystem stability is positively linked to plant and fungal taxonomic richness. Above it (more arid conditions), stability correlates with conservative plant traits (lower special leaf area) and lower phylogenetic diversity, reflecting environmental filtering for stress-tolerant species. This transition is driven by a shift from C3 to C4 plant dominance, altering community traits and plant-microbial interactions. While our correlational findings require experimental confirmation, they challenge linear stability models, highlighting the importance of threshold-dependent biodiversity-environment interactions for dryland management.