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<p>Snow water is key to water supply in cold regions and beyond. Here we introduce Snow Water Availability that quantifies water stored in the snow-covered portion of an area. By integrating a plausible set of available gridded datasets for snow depth, density, and cover fraction, we form four estimates of Snow Water Availability at the 25 × 25 km<sup>2</sup> across Canada and Alaska. We show that annual long-term mean of Snow Water Availability over the domain was 996 ± 170 km³ during 2000–2019. While annual Snow Water Availability increased from 799 ± 121 km³ in 2000-2009 to 1208 ± 231 km³ in 2010-2019, significant losses (<i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05) were observed in ~3% of the domain, mainly in North American Cordillera, headwaters to major rivers in western Canada. These losses alongside insignificant decreases across southern Canada can threaten water supply in a quarter of the country, where ~86% of its population reside.</p>

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Creeping snow drought threatens Canada’s water supply

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Robert Sarpong,
  • Ali Nazemi,
  • Amir AghaKouchak

摘要

Snow water is key to water supply in cold regions and beyond. Here we introduce Snow Water Availability that quantifies water stored in the snow-covered portion of an area. By integrating a plausible set of available gridded datasets for snow depth, density, and cover fraction, we form four estimates of Snow Water Availability at the 25 × 25 km2 across Canada and Alaska. We show that annual long-term mean of Snow Water Availability over the domain was 996 ± 170 km³ during 2000–2019. While annual Snow Water Availability increased from 799 ± 121 km³ in 2000-2009 to 1208 ± 231 km³ in 2010-2019, significant losses (p-value ≤ 0.05) were observed in ~3% of the domain, mainly in North American Cordillera, headwaters to major rivers in western Canada. These losses alongside insignificant decreases across southern Canada can threaten water supply in a quarter of the country, where ~86% of its population reside.