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<p>Reconstructing past relative sea level provides critical insight into mechanisms driving sea-level change and informs future projections. Foraminifera are widely used sea-level proxies, but their application is often limited by poor preservation. Here, we demonstrate that foraminiferal environmental DNA and sedimentary ancient DNA provide a complementary approach to traditional morphological methods for relative sea-level reconstruction. By analyzing surface sediments and a core from subtropical intertidal environments in the Pearl River Delta, we found a clear vertical zonation in the&#xa0;environmental DNA assemblage consistent with morphological results. An environmental DNA-based transfer function enabled reconstruction with decadal temporal and decimeter vertical&#xa0;resolution&#xa0;for two periods: 290–1703 CE and 1956–present. Notably, sedimentary DNA preservation extended the&#xa0;reconstruction beyond morphological methods, which was limited by taphonomic processes. The environmental DNA reconstruction closely matched tide-gauge and geological records, underscoring its potential as a robust tool for reconstructing past relative sea&#xa0;level and its driving mechanisms.</p>

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Foraminiferal environmental DNA reveals late Holocene sea-level changes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月23日

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  • Zhaojia Liu,
  • Nicole S. Khan,
  • Howard K. Y. Yu,
  • Arthur Chung,
  • Magali Schweizer,
  • Celia Schunter

摘要

Reconstructing past relative sea level provides critical insight into mechanisms driving sea-level change and informs future projections. Foraminifera are widely used sea-level proxies, but their application is often limited by poor preservation. Here, we demonstrate that foraminiferal environmental DNA and sedimentary ancient DNA provide a complementary approach to traditional morphological methods for relative sea-level reconstruction. By analyzing surface sediments and a core from subtropical intertidal environments in the Pearl River Delta, we found a clear vertical zonation in the environmental DNA assemblage consistent with morphological results. An environmental DNA-based transfer function enabled reconstruction with decadal temporal and decimeter vertical resolution for two periods: 290–1703 CE and 1956–present. Notably, sedimentary DNA preservation extended the reconstruction beyond morphological methods, which was limited by taphonomic processes. The environmental DNA reconstruction closely matched tide-gauge and geological records, underscoring its potential as a robust tool for reconstructing past relative sea level and its driving mechanisms.