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<p>The North China Craton underwent extensive lithospheric thinning and crustal reworking during the Mesozoic, challenging classic views of craton stability. This period marks a transition from tectonic quiescence to widespread reactivation, but timing and magnitude remain poorly constrained. Here we reconstruct crustal thickness evolution along the southern margin of the North China Craton using strontium to yttrium and lanthanum to ytterbium ratios, plus neodymium isotopic data from granitoids. Thickening began in the Jurassic and peaked around 130 Ma, when crustal thickness exceeded 70 km and palaeoelevation surpassed 5 km, forming a plateau comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. After ~128 Ma, thickness and elevation decreased to 30–40 km and &lt;3 km by 125–110 Ma. These shifts parallel sedimentary, structural and geophysical evidence. We interpret this evolution as two stages: initial thickening from North China–Yangtze collision, followed by extensional collapse and lithospheric thinning likely driven by Paleo-Pacific plate rollback.</p>

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Transition from orogenic plateau to thinning reveals mesozoic North China craton dynamics

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Yanjing Chen,
  • Zhenju Zhou,
  • Chen Xu

摘要

The North China Craton underwent extensive lithospheric thinning and crustal reworking during the Mesozoic, challenging classic views of craton stability. This period marks a transition from tectonic quiescence to widespread reactivation, but timing and magnitude remain poorly constrained. Here we reconstruct crustal thickness evolution along the southern margin of the North China Craton using strontium to yttrium and lanthanum to ytterbium ratios, plus neodymium isotopic data from granitoids. Thickening began in the Jurassic and peaked around 130 Ma, when crustal thickness exceeded 70 km and palaeoelevation surpassed 5 km, forming a plateau comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. After ~128 Ma, thickness and elevation decreased to 30–40 km and <3 km by 125–110 Ma. These shifts parallel sedimentary, structural and geophysical evidence. We interpret this evolution as two stages: initial thickening from North China–Yangtze collision, followed by extensional collapse and lithospheric thinning likely driven by Paleo-Pacific plate rollback.