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<p>Increasing protein demand in low- and middle-income countries may accelerate livestock intensification, antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risk. Here, we examined Uganda’s growing pig sector, tracking 70 farmers and their pigs in semi-intensive and free-range systems for a year. We investigated AMR and AMR gene abundance of 668 <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i> and DNA isolated from 877 faecal samples using diffusion disc-method and qPCR, respectively. Pigs in semi-intensive systems were 2.2 times more likely to exhibit AMR and had higher <i>ermB</i> levels. AMR in free-range farmers was twice that of pigs but still 1.4 times less likely than in semi-intensive systems. AMR prevalence increased by 0.76% per month. Potential transmission events were more likely on semi-intensive farms (OR = 3.16, 95% CI: 2.1–4.3, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), especially when farmers had higher <i>tetQ</i> levels than pigs; the reverse was true for <i>ermB</i>. Intensified urban pig production may elevate AMR risks, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.</p>

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Drivers of antimicrobial resistance in pig production systems of Uganda

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Adrian Muwonge,
  • Tadeo Kakooza,
  • Paul C. D. Johnson,
  • Lawrence Kisuule,
  • Michael Kimaanga,
  • Clovice Kankya,
  • Barend Mark de Clare Bronsvoort,
  • Tiziana Lembo

摘要

Increasing protein demand in low- and middle-income countries may accelerate livestock intensification, antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risk. Here, we examined Uganda’s growing pig sector, tracking 70 farmers and their pigs in semi-intensive and free-range systems for a year. We investigated AMR and AMR gene abundance of 668 Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and DNA isolated from 877 faecal samples using diffusion disc-method and qPCR, respectively. Pigs in semi-intensive systems were 2.2 times more likely to exhibit AMR and had higher ermB levels. AMR in free-range farmers was twice that of pigs but still 1.4 times less likely than in semi-intensive systems. AMR prevalence increased by 0.76% per month. Potential transmission events were more likely on semi-intensive farms (OR = 3.16, 95% CI: 2.1–4.3, P < 0.001), especially when farmers had higher tetQ levels than pigs; the reverse was true for ermB. Intensified urban pig production may elevate AMR risks, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.