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<p>Advances in spring phenology (SOS) and increases in terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) are well-documented. However, the impact of an earlier SOS on the duration and rate of carbon uptake (GPP<sub>rate</sub>) during the early growing season (EGS) remains unclear, leaving the overall influence of these factors on EGS GPP uncertain. Using satellite and carbon flux data across the Northern Hemisphere, we found that an earlier SOS extended EGS, but reduced the mean daily GPP<sub>rate</sub> during this period, primarily due to lower temperatures and soil-water content. While the extended EGS increased&#xa0;total EGS GPP, the reduction in EGS GPP<sub>rate</sub> lowered these gains by 30% on average, with a more pronounced reduction in arid regions (~ 85%) compared to humid areas (~ 15%). The diminished contribution of an advanced SOS to early-season productivity suggests that the current increase in carbon uptake in northern ecosystems may be offset by future warming and drought conditions.</p>

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Diminished contribution of spring phenology to early-season carbon uptake in a changing climate

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月18日

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  • Zunchi Liu,
  • Constantin M. Zohner,
  • Zhaofei Wu,
  • Thomas W. Crowther,
  • Jing Tang,
  • Josep Peñuelas,
  • Yongshuo H. Fu

摘要

Advances in spring phenology (SOS) and increases in terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) are well-documented. However, the impact of an earlier SOS on the duration and rate of carbon uptake (GPPrate) during the early growing season (EGS) remains unclear, leaving the overall influence of these factors on EGS GPP uncertain. Using satellite and carbon flux data across the Northern Hemisphere, we found that an earlier SOS extended EGS, but reduced the mean daily GPPrate during this period, primarily due to lower temperatures and soil-water content. While the extended EGS increased total EGS GPP, the reduction in EGS GPPrate lowered these gains by 30% on average, with a more pronounced reduction in arid regions (~ 85%) compared to humid areas (~ 15%). The diminished contribution of an advanced SOS to early-season productivity suggests that the current increase in carbon uptake in northern ecosystems may be offset by future warming and drought conditions.