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<p>Due to its broadband optical absorption and advancement in wafer-based processing technology, silicon is extensively employed in photovoltaic devices. However, the application of silicon for photoelectrochemical reactions in its wafer/bulk form is limited and has consistently demonstrated inadequate photoelectrochemical performance. This Review offers a critical summary on light-induced H<sub>2</sub> production, CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, NH<sub>3</sub> formation via nitrate or N<sub>2</sub> reduction and biomass valorization using silicon nanostructures. In these photoelectrochemical applications, how nanostructuring of silicon and tuning its optoelectronic/surface properties impact the performance is emphasized. Elucidating such a comprehensive correlation offers key insights into harnessing the true potential of silicon as a photoelectrode towards solar fuel production. In addition, emerging opportunities and strategies in designing silicon nanostructures-based photoelectrodes for light-driven single-atom catalysis and overall water splitting reactions are provided.</p><p></p>

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Tuning the optoelectronic properties and nanostructure of silicon photoelectrodes for enhancing solar fuel production

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月7日

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  • Simon Joyson Galbao,
  • Dhruv Aggarwal,
  • Bruno Grandidier,
  • Dharmapura H. K. Murthy

摘要

Due to its broadband optical absorption and advancement in wafer-based processing technology, silicon is extensively employed in photovoltaic devices. However, the application of silicon for photoelectrochemical reactions in its wafer/bulk form is limited and has consistently demonstrated inadequate photoelectrochemical performance. This Review offers a critical summary on light-induced H2 production, CO2 reduction, NH3 formation via nitrate or N2 reduction and biomass valorization using silicon nanostructures. In these photoelectrochemical applications, how nanostructuring of silicon and tuning its optoelectronic/surface properties impact the performance is emphasized. Elucidating such a comprehensive correlation offers key insights into harnessing the true potential of silicon as a photoelectrode towards solar fuel production. In addition, emerging opportunities and strategies in designing silicon nanostructures-based photoelectrodes for light-driven single-atom catalysis and overall water splitting reactions are provided.