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<p>An increasing number of studies explore the health benefits of nature exposure, yet few examine its effects through smells. This paper aims to review the literature on the psychological and physiological effects of smells emitted by natural sources. Findings from 30 studies show that smells from nature reduce stress, promote relaxation and enhance well-being. Their integration into cities can enhance nature exposure, urban satisfaction and promote healthier environments.</p>

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Psychological and physiological responses to smells from nature—potential health benefits for urban dwellers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Francesca Taufer,
  • Anna María Pálsdóttir,
  • Marcus Hedblom

摘要

An increasing number of studies explore the health benefits of nature exposure, yet few examine its effects through smells. This paper aims to review the literature on the psychological and physiological effects of smells emitted by natural sources. Findings from 30 studies show that smells from nature reduce stress, promote relaxation and enhance well-being. Their integration into cities can enhance nature exposure, urban satisfaction and promote healthier environments.