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<p>Acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a reversible cell state that facilitates pancreas repair following injury. Oncogenic <i>KRAS</i> mutations can progress ADM to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the metabolic alterations in these precancerous lesions are understudied. Here, we identify global changes in central carbon metabolism genes and metabolites during ADM formation. In particular, NRF2-target genes are significantly induced in ADM. Among these, we focus on genes encoding NADPH-producing enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme 1 (ME1), which participate in the regulation of oxidative stress. In mouse models of pancreatic tumourigenesis, G6PD deficiency or <i>Me1</i> loss increases reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, which is accompanied by accelerated formation of ADM and PanIN lesions. Notably, <i>Me1</i> loss, but not G6PD deficiency, promotes faster PDAC progression. We demonstrate that oxidative stress is required for ADM, as pharmacological antioxidant treatment attenuates ADM progression in vivo and ex vivo. Conversely, depleting the antioxidant glutathione promotes precancerous lesions in primary human acinar cells and in mice. Together, our findings shed light on metabolic reprogramming in the precancerous pancreas.</p>

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NADPH-producing enzymes restrict the formation of pancreatic precancerous lesions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Megan D. Radyk,
  • Barbara S. Nelson,
  • Mariana Tannus Ruckert,
  • Christopher J. Halbrook,
  • Mengrou Shan,
  • Jonathan M. Alektiar,
  • Brooke L. Lavoie,
  • Lucie Salvatore,
  • Wei Yan,
  • Matthew D. Perricone,
  • Kathryn Buscher,
  • Alexander Wood,
  • Hanna S. Hong,
  • Peter Sajjakulnukit,
  • Li Zhang,
  • Gabriel Corfas,
  • Filip Bednar,
  • Timothy L. Frankel,
  • Marina Pasca di Magliano,
  • Justin A. Colacino,
  • Yatrik M. Shah,
  • Howard C. Crawford,
  • Costas A. Lyssiotis

摘要

Acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a reversible cell state that facilitates pancreas repair following injury. Oncogenic KRAS mutations can progress ADM to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the metabolic alterations in these precancerous lesions are understudied. Here, we identify global changes in central carbon metabolism genes and metabolites during ADM formation. In particular, NRF2-target genes are significantly induced in ADM. Among these, we focus on genes encoding NADPH-producing enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme 1 (ME1), which participate in the regulation of oxidative stress. In mouse models of pancreatic tumourigenesis, G6PD deficiency or Me1 loss increases reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, which is accompanied by accelerated formation of ADM and PanIN lesions. Notably, Me1 loss, but not G6PD deficiency, promotes faster PDAC progression. We demonstrate that oxidative stress is required for ADM, as pharmacological antioxidant treatment attenuates ADM progression in vivo and ex vivo. Conversely, depleting the antioxidant glutathione promotes precancerous lesions in primary human acinar cells and in mice. Together, our findings shed light on metabolic reprogramming in the precancerous pancreas.