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<p>Discrete modulation is a practical and device-friendly solution for high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), offering strong compatibility with existing coherent optical communication systems. However, its achievable transmission distance has remained considerably shorter than that of Gaussian-modulated protocols, limiting its practical deployment. In this work, we overcome this limitation by combining an advanced security analysis method with probabilistically shaped modulation and an efficient digital signal processing algorithm. We experimentally demonstrate a local local oscillator CV-QKD system over a 126.56 km span of single-mode fiber, achieving an asymptotic secret key rate of 171.42 kbps. This result significantly extends the reach of discrete-modulated CV-QKD and confirms its potential as a viable candidate for the commercialization and large-scale practical application of quantum key distribution technology.</p>

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Long-distance discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 126.56 km of fiber with a local local oscillator

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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  • Yan Pan,
  • Mingze Wu,
  • Heng Wang,
  • Junhui Li,
  • Yun Shao,
  • Jie Yang,
  • Yaodi Pi,
  • Ting Ye,
  • Ao Sun,
  • Lin Jiang,
  • Lianshan Yan,
  • Wei Pan,
  • Yang Li,
  • Wei Huang,
  • Song Yu,
  • Yichen Zhang,
  • Bingjie Xu

摘要

Discrete modulation is a practical and device-friendly solution for high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), offering strong compatibility with existing coherent optical communication systems. However, its achievable transmission distance has remained considerably shorter than that of Gaussian-modulated protocols, limiting its practical deployment. In this work, we overcome this limitation by combining an advanced security analysis method with probabilistically shaped modulation and an efficient digital signal processing algorithm. We experimentally demonstrate a local local oscillator CV-QKD system over a 126.56 km span of single-mode fiber, achieving an asymptotic secret key rate of 171.42 kbps. This result significantly extends the reach of discrete-modulated CV-QKD and confirms its potential as a viable candidate for the commercialization and large-scale practical application of quantum key distribution technology.