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<p>Wave-topology interactions underlie phenomena across physics, from condensed matter to cosmology, with the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect providing a paradigmatic example. Classical analogues in fluid dynamics have shown that travelling surface waves scattered off vortices develop wavefront dislocations, with topological effects studied close to the vortex core. Here, we demonstrate that standing surface waves scattered by a single vortex give rise to global nodal structures – lines of zero wave amplitude – whose number is quantized, and may oscillate in time. This behaviour reveals a non-local topological response, in contrast with previously reported, spatially confined interactions. Our findings establish hydrodynamics as a versatile platform for exploring wave-topology interplay and quantum interference phenomena, such as AB caging and topological localization, with potential implications for photonic, acoustic, and quantum metamaterials.</p>

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Topology made visible through standing waves in a spinning fluid

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Aditya Singh,
  • Jonas Rønning,
  • Chien-Chia Liu,
  • Luiza Angheluta,
  • Andres Concha,
  • Mahesh M. Bandi

摘要

Wave-topology interactions underlie phenomena across physics, from condensed matter to cosmology, with the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect providing a paradigmatic example. Classical analogues in fluid dynamics have shown that travelling surface waves scattered off vortices develop wavefront dislocations, with topological effects studied close to the vortex core. Here, we demonstrate that standing surface waves scattered by a single vortex give rise to global nodal structures – lines of zero wave amplitude – whose number is quantized, and may oscillate in time. This behaviour reveals a non-local topological response, in contrast with previously reported, spatially confined interactions. Our findings establish hydrodynamics as a versatile platform for exploring wave-topology interplay and quantum interference phenomena, such as AB caging and topological localization, with potential implications for photonic, acoustic, and quantum metamaterials.