<p>The spectral properties of the doped <i>t</i>–<i>t</i>’ Hubbard model, using parameters typical for high-temperature cuprate superconductors, and the mechanism of d-wave pairing remain among the longstanding problems of many-body fermionic materials. We used a strong-coupling Green’s function expansion around a correlated reference system, namely a particle-hole-symmetric undoped Hubbard lattice with <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({t}^{{\prime} }=0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which can be treated numerically exactly using sign-problem-free lattice Quantum Monte Carlo calculations. This reference system exhibits a large antiferromagnetic Mott-Hubbard-Slater gap in the electronic spectrum. We investigate how the Mott-like spectrum is reconstructed under finite doping and nonzero <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({t}^{{\prime} }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> using a dual-fermion-inspired perturbation expansion. For a large next-nearest-neighbor hopping <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({t}^{{\prime} }=-0.3t\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.3</mn> <mi>t</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, characteristic of cuprate families with T<sub>c</sub> around 100 K, the electronic spectral function reveals a strongly renormalized flat-band feature with a pseudogap near the antinodal point. The superconducting response of this system to a small <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>−</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-like external field shows a pseudogap at the antinodal point in the normal part of the Nambu Green’s function, associated with “bad-fermion” behavior in the normal phase. At the same time, the anomalous Green’s function exhibits a d-wave-like structure with zero response at the nodal point of the Brillouin zone.</p>

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Superconductivity of bad fermions and the origin of two gaps in cuprates

  • Evgeny A. Stepanov,
  • Sergei Iskakov,
  • Mikhail I. Katsnelson,
  • Alexander I. Lichtenstein

摘要

The spectral properties of the doped tt’ Hubbard model, using parameters typical for high-temperature cuprate superconductors, and the mechanism of d-wave pairing remain among the longstanding problems of many-body fermionic materials. We used a strong-coupling Green’s function expansion around a correlated reference system, namely a particle-hole-symmetric undoped Hubbard lattice with \({t}^{{\prime} }=0\) t = 0 , which can be treated numerically exactly using sign-problem-free lattice Quantum Monte Carlo calculations. This reference system exhibits a large antiferromagnetic Mott-Hubbard-Slater gap in the electronic spectrum. We investigate how the Mott-like spectrum is reconstructed under finite doping and nonzero \({t}^{{\prime} }\) t using a dual-fermion-inspired perturbation expansion. For a large next-nearest-neighbor hopping \({t}^{{\prime} }=-0.3t\) t = 0.3 t , characteristic of cuprate families with Tc around 100 K, the electronic spectral function reveals a strongly renormalized flat-band feature with a pseudogap near the antinodal point. The superconducting response of this system to a small \({d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}\) d x 2 y 2 -like external field shows a pseudogap at the antinodal point in the normal part of the Nambu Green’s function, associated with “bad-fermion” behavior in the normal phase. At the same time, the anomalous Green’s function exhibits a d-wave-like structure with zero response at the nodal point of the Brillouin zone.