<p>Automated reaction-path search methods based on quantum chemical calculations from a single equilibrium structure have revolutionized the exploration of chemical reaction networks, uncovering numerous unexpected and often computationally imaginary side pathways. Although these routes have traditionally often been dismissed as unrealistic or mere byproduct-formation pathways, they represent an untapped source of novel synthetic information. Here, we propose a “network editing” strategy to systematically identify and exploit these latent pathways. In this approach, the kinetically dominant pathways are removed from the generated reaction-path network and kinetic simulations are performed on the edited network, allowing the detection of masked side reactions. Guided by these theoretical predictions, we have developed viable synthetic routes by replacing a reactive substituent with an unreactive one to deliberately trigger the formation of the desired byproduct. Case studies, including the development of an arylcarboxylation of <i>N</i>-allylaniline derivatives via the CO<sub>2</sub> radical anion (CO<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup>) to access five- and six-membered <i>N</i>-heterocycles, demonstrate how computational tools can inspire and advance contemporary synthetic organic chemistry.</p><p></p>

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Identifying viable synthetic routes from side channels in automated reaction-path searches

  • Yamato Ueno,
  • Wataru Kanna,
  • Yu Harabuchi,
  • Kosaku Tanaka III,
  • Simon J. Cooper,
  • Ruben Staub,
  • Alexandre Varnek,
  • Satoshi Maeda,
  • Tsuyoshi Mita

摘要

Automated reaction-path search methods based on quantum chemical calculations from a single equilibrium structure have revolutionized the exploration of chemical reaction networks, uncovering numerous unexpected and often computationally imaginary side pathways. Although these routes have traditionally often been dismissed as unrealistic or mere byproduct-formation pathways, they represent an untapped source of novel synthetic information. Here, we propose a “network editing” strategy to systematically identify and exploit these latent pathways. In this approach, the kinetically dominant pathways are removed from the generated reaction-path network and kinetic simulations are performed on the edited network, allowing the detection of masked side reactions. Guided by these theoretical predictions, we have developed viable synthetic routes by replacing a reactive substituent with an unreactive one to deliberately trigger the formation of the desired byproduct. Case studies, including the development of an arylcarboxylation of N-allylaniline derivatives via the CO2 radical anion (CO2•−) to access five- and six-membered N-heterocycles, demonstrate how computational tools can inspire and advance contemporary synthetic organic chemistry.