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<p>Efficient wheat transformation remains limited by strong genotype dependence and low regenerative capacity in many elite cultivars. This review summarized recent advances in transformation methods, including <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated delivery, particle bombardment, nanoparticle systems, and viral vectors, highlighting progress in identification and functional characterization of regeneration-promoting factors such as <i>BBM/WUS</i>, <i>GRF4-GIF1</i>, <i>WOX</i> genes, and <i>TaLAX1</i>. Furthermore, multi-omics studies have revealed transcriptional and chromatin dynamics underlying somatic reprogramming, yet the genetic basis of genotype-dependent regeneration remains unclear. In this review, we summarize how using a combination of stepwise phenotyping, utilization of genomic resources, and systems genetics approaches offers a potentially promising route towards genotype-independent transformation in wheat.</p>

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Molecular regulators of regeneration and strategies for overcoming genotype-dependent recalcitrance in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Yan Kai Wang,
  • Yi Peng Wang,
  • Liang-Zi Zhou

摘要

Efficient wheat transformation remains limited by strong genotype dependence and low regenerative capacity in many elite cultivars. This review summarized recent advances in transformation methods, including Agrobacterium-mediated delivery, particle bombardment, nanoparticle systems, and viral vectors, highlighting progress in identification and functional characterization of regeneration-promoting factors such as BBM/WUS, GRF4-GIF1, WOX genes, and TaLAX1. Furthermore, multi-omics studies have revealed transcriptional and chromatin dynamics underlying somatic reprogramming, yet the genetic basis of genotype-dependent regeneration remains unclear. In this review, we summarize how using a combination of stepwise phenotyping, utilization of genomic resources, and systems genetics approaches offers a potentially promising route towards genotype-independent transformation in wheat.