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<p>While systemic immune dysregulation is well-documented in HIV infection, its impact on blood and respiratory tract viromes remains poorly understood. This study characterizes HIV-associated alterations in viral communities and examines their clinical relevance. Using viral metagenomics, we compare 203 ART-treated HIV-positive individuals and 120 healthy controls. HIV infection significantly restructures the blood virome, shifting from bacteriophage dominance (96.2% in controls) to eukaryotic virus predominance (69.1%). Increased alpha diversity, significant β-diversity divergence, and heightened dispersion heterogeneity are observed in HIV cases. Consistent enrichment of <i>Flaviviridae</i>, <i>Parvoviridae</i>, and <i>Anelloviridae</i> is detected. Throat viromes maintain phage dominance (&gt;90%) but exhibit strain-level diversification, including <i>Microviridae</i> proliferation. Network analysis reveals <i>Retroviridae-Anelloviridae</i> co-dynamics (r = +0.562) and identifies <i>Picobirnaviridae</i> as a key interactor. Functional analysis shows enriched viral replication and host modulation genes. Compartment-specific disruption patterns nominate Pegivirus C, parvovirus B19, and Anelloviruses as potential biomarkers. Cross-kingdom viral interactions suggest novel mechanisms influencing disease progression and support future virome-targeting adjunct therapies.</p><p></p>

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HIV-driven virome dysbiosis unveils distinct virome features and inter-viral correlations in blood and respiratory niches

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Wang Li,
  • Ping Ni,
  • Juan Xu,
  • Xingyue Zhao,
  • Anhua Dou,
  • Yanhuan Wang,
  • Linjie Peng,
  • Shiyin Huang,
  • Yue Chen,
  • Qi Shi,
  • Youhua Xie,
  • Wen Zhang,
  • Shaokun Pan,
  • Chenglin Zhou

摘要

While systemic immune dysregulation is well-documented in HIV infection, its impact on blood and respiratory tract viromes remains poorly understood. This study characterizes HIV-associated alterations in viral communities and examines their clinical relevance. Using viral metagenomics, we compare 203 ART-treated HIV-positive individuals and 120 healthy controls. HIV infection significantly restructures the blood virome, shifting from bacteriophage dominance (96.2% in controls) to eukaryotic virus predominance (69.1%). Increased alpha diversity, significant β-diversity divergence, and heightened dispersion heterogeneity are observed in HIV cases. Consistent enrichment of Flaviviridae, Parvoviridae, and Anelloviridae is detected. Throat viromes maintain phage dominance (>90%) but exhibit strain-level diversification, including Microviridae proliferation. Network analysis reveals Retroviridae-Anelloviridae co-dynamics (r = +0.562) and identifies Picobirnaviridae as a key interactor. Functional analysis shows enriched viral replication and host modulation genes. Compartment-specific disruption patterns nominate Pegivirus C, parvovirus B19, and Anelloviruses as potential biomarkers. Cross-kingdom viral interactions suggest novel mechanisms influencing disease progression and support future virome-targeting adjunct therapies.