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<p>The transition from well-fed to food-deprived conditions in <i>C. elegans</i> triggers a stereotypic exploration behaviour characterised by a temporal decrease in reorientation frequency. In this study we conduct a screen of neuropeptide mutants and identify several candidates involved in modulating this behaviour. Among these, the neuropeptide FLP-15 emerges as a key regulator. Our observations reveal that FLP-15 regulates the frequency of reversals during foraging through the I2 pharyngeal neuron via the G protein-coupled receptor NPR-3. Mutants lacking either <i>flp-15</i>, <i>npr-3</i> or both display a significant defect in reversal frequency which does not decline temporally unlike in wild-type animals. This study also describes the expression pattern of NPR-3 in a subset of head neurons, predominantly comprising of dopaminergic neurons. Finally, <i>flp-15</i> expression studies and exogenous dopamine supplementation assays reveal that FLP-15 may regulate exploratory search by modulating dopamine transmission, highlighting a novel neuropeptide-dopamine interaction involved in the control of foraging behaviours.</p>

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FLP-15 functions through the GPCR NPR-3 to regulate local and global search behaviours in Caenorhabditis elegans

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Umer Saleem Bhat,
  • Siju Surendran,
  • Sharanya H,
  • Jun Liu,
  • Yun Xu,
  • Namra Tasnim,
  • Mohd Faraz Abbas,
  • Ashwani Bhardwaj,
  • Monika Scholz,
  • Kavita Babu

摘要

The transition from well-fed to food-deprived conditions in C. elegans triggers a stereotypic exploration behaviour characterised by a temporal decrease in reorientation frequency. In this study we conduct a screen of neuropeptide mutants and identify several candidates involved in modulating this behaviour. Among these, the neuropeptide FLP-15 emerges as a key regulator. Our observations reveal that FLP-15 regulates the frequency of reversals during foraging through the I2 pharyngeal neuron via the G protein-coupled receptor NPR-3. Mutants lacking either flp-15, npr-3 or both display a significant defect in reversal frequency which does not decline temporally unlike in wild-type animals. This study also describes the expression pattern of NPR-3 in a subset of head neurons, predominantly comprising of dopaminergic neurons. Finally, flp-15 expression studies and exogenous dopamine supplementation assays reveal that FLP-15 may regulate exploratory search by modulating dopamine transmission, highlighting a novel neuropeptide-dopamine interaction involved in the control of foraging behaviours.