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<p>Despite dynamic sulcal changes during youth paralleling skill development, the link between extended postnatal development and cognition remains underexplored. This study analyzes structural MRI data from 307 children (6-14 years), with longitudinal data (inter-scan interval ~1 year) available for a subset. Results reveal widespread cortical thinning, sulcal widening, and reductions in adjusted area and depth, following a chronological gradient where earliest-forming sulci undergo the most profound change. Longitudinal remodeling, rather than baseline morphometry, predicts cognitive gains. Specifically, working memory improvements are predicted by widening of the left calcarine and posterior intralingual sulci. In contrast, attention network maturation involves global changes, though executive control is specifically linked to left intraparietal sulcus widening. Gene enrichment analysis links these changes to synaptic processes. This study advances our understanding of the association between sulcal morphometry and cognitive function, elucidating potential mechanisms underlying brain development from childhood to adolescence.</p>

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Linking changes in sulcal morphometry to cognitive development from childhood to adolescence

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月8日

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  • Yijin Shan,
  • Huiting Qiao,
  • Yirong He,
  • Lei Chu,
  • Debin Zeng,
  • Xiaoxi Dong,
  • Tengda Zhao,
  • Xuhong Liao,
  • Xiaodan Chen,
  • Yunman Xia,
  • Tianyuan Lei,
  • Lianglong Sun,
  • Weiwei Men,
  • Rui Chen,
  • Leilei Ma,
  • Xiaoyu Ren,
  • Yanpei Wang,
  • Daoyang Wang,
  • Mingming Hu,
  • Zhiying Pan,
  • Shuping Tan,
  • Jia-Hong Gao,
  • Shaozheng Qin,
  • Sha Tao,
  • Qi Dong,
  • Yong He,
  • Shuyu Li

摘要

Despite dynamic sulcal changes during youth paralleling skill development, the link between extended postnatal development and cognition remains underexplored. This study analyzes structural MRI data from 307 children (6-14 years), with longitudinal data (inter-scan interval ~1 year) available for a subset. Results reveal widespread cortical thinning, sulcal widening, and reductions in adjusted area and depth, following a chronological gradient where earliest-forming sulci undergo the most profound change. Longitudinal remodeling, rather than baseline morphometry, predicts cognitive gains. Specifically, working memory improvements are predicted by widening of the left calcarine and posterior intralingual sulci. In contrast, attention network maturation involves global changes, though executive control is specifically linked to left intraparietal sulcus widening. Gene enrichment analysis links these changes to synaptic processes. This study advances our understanding of the association between sulcal morphometry and cognitive function, elucidating potential mechanisms underlying brain development from childhood to adolescence.