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<p>Recent advancements in the CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) target multicarbon chemical production and scalable electrode designs for industrial applications. Here we introduce a zero-gap cell utilizing humidified gas-phase CO<sub>2</sub> and circulated alkaline media, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 66.9% for C<sub>3+</sub> products and a current density of −1,100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. In situ spectroscopic analyses revealed formaldehyde as a key intermediate formed on copper oxide/hydroxide interfaces derived from a phosphorus-rich copper catalyst. Unlike conventional pathways based on dimerization of CO intermediates, our study selectively produces liquid-phase multicarbon products because of autonomous local pH variations under a weak alkaline microenvironment, with allyl alcohol as the dominant C<sub>3+</sub> product. The high selectivity and efficiency for liquid products provide a substantial advantage for storage and transport, highlighting the scalability and practical feasibility of our approach, which offers a potential economically viable solution for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization. This development encourages the adoption of CO<sub>2</sub>RR technologies in iron–steel and petrochemical industries to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.</p><p></p>

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Selective formaldehyde condensation on phosphorus-rich copper catalyst to produce liquid C3+ chemicals in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Minjun Choi,
  • Sooan Bae,
  • Yeongin Kim,
  • Youjin Lee,
  • Mokyeon Cho,
  • Sinwoo Kang,
  • Jaeyoung Lee

摘要

Recent advancements in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) target multicarbon chemical production and scalable electrode designs for industrial applications. Here we introduce a zero-gap cell utilizing humidified gas-phase CO2 and circulated alkaline media, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 66.9% for C3+ products and a current density of −1,100 mA cm−2. In situ spectroscopic analyses revealed formaldehyde as a key intermediate formed on copper oxide/hydroxide interfaces derived from a phosphorus-rich copper catalyst. Unlike conventional pathways based on dimerization of CO intermediates, our study selectively produces liquid-phase multicarbon products because of autonomous local pH variations under a weak alkaline microenvironment, with allyl alcohol as the dominant C3+ product. The high selectivity and efficiency for liquid products provide a substantial advantage for storage and transport, highlighting the scalability and practical feasibility of our approach, which offers a potential economically viable solution for CO2 utilization. This development encourages the adoption of CO2RR technologies in iron–steel and petrochemical industries to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.