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<p>Halide perovskites have revolutionized photovoltaics, achieving efficiencies that rival those of crystalline silicon. However, as the technology nears industrialization, the focus must shift from power conversion efficiency to the holistic pillars of reliability, scalability and circularity. This Review evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of large-scale perovskite manufacturing, appraising ecological impacts across the entire life cycle. We analyse the chemical precursor landscape, device architecture scaling and fail-safe strategies for contaminant control. By synthesizing environmental, health and economic dimensions, we provide a strategic roadmap to ensure that perovskites serve as a sustainable cornerstone of the global energy transition, aligning laboratory breakthroughs with long-term industrial viability.</p>

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Driving a green energy transition with halide perovskite solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Yuetian Chen,
  • Meng Ren,
  • Xu Tian,
  • Bowei Li,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Nam-Gyu Park,
  • Yixin Zhao

摘要

Halide perovskites have revolutionized photovoltaics, achieving efficiencies that rival those of crystalline silicon. However, as the technology nears industrialization, the focus must shift from power conversion efficiency to the holistic pillars of reliability, scalability and circularity. This Review evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of large-scale perovskite manufacturing, appraising ecological impacts across the entire life cycle. We analyse the chemical precursor landscape, device architecture scaling and fail-safe strategies for contaminant control. By synthesizing environmental, health and economic dimensions, we provide a strategic roadmap to ensure that perovskites serve as a sustainable cornerstone of the global energy transition, aligning laboratory breakthroughs with long-term industrial viability.