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<p>The transition to sustainable energy storage demands lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and reduced reliance on critical metals such as nickel (Ni), yet current strategies to increase capacity have largely depended on raising Ni content, leading to escalating supply risks, rising costs and sustainability concerns. More critically, Ni-rich cathodes suffer from rapid electrochemical degradation driven by structural instability, creating an insurmountable trade-off between capacity and cycle life. Here we introduce a low-Ni chemistry cathode, Li(Li<sub>0.05</sub>Ni<sub>0.57</sub>Mn<sub>0.31</sub>Co<sub>0.07</sub>)O<sub>2</sub>, with a radial phase integration design that overcomes these limitations, enabling a remarkable Ni usage reduction (Ni &lt; 0.6) while demonstrating high capacity (215 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>) and markedly improved cyclability (~97% retention over 400 cycles) compared to conventional high-Ni cathodes (Ni = 0.8). Advanced X-ray and electron microscopy analyses reveal that the designed cathode exhibits a highly reversible oxygen anionic redox, benefiting from a structurally stable surface and minimizing irreversible phase transitions. Moreover, the integrated structure substantially mitigates lattice strain and improves mechanical stability even under harsh conditions. This advance offers a general design principle for developing next-generation cathodes that combine resource efficiency with long-term electrochemical reliability.</p>

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Low-nickel cathode chemistry for sustainable and high-energy lithium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Weiyuan Huang,
  • Zengqing Zhuo,
  • Alvin Dai,
  • Jinghao Huang,
  • Jing Wang,
  • Tao Zhou,
  • Xiao-Min Lin,
  • Xianghui Xiao,
  • Lu Ma,
  • Rachid Amine,
  • Gihan Kwon,
  • Xiaojing Huang,
  • Tianyi Li,
  • Hari Adhikari,
  • Jinghua Guo,
  • Steve Trask,
  • Jianguo Wen,
  • Khalil Amine,
  • Tongchao Liu

摘要

The transition to sustainable energy storage demands lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and reduced reliance on critical metals such as nickel (Ni), yet current strategies to increase capacity have largely depended on raising Ni content, leading to escalating supply risks, rising costs and sustainability concerns. More critically, Ni-rich cathodes suffer from rapid electrochemical degradation driven by structural instability, creating an insurmountable trade-off between capacity and cycle life. Here we introduce a low-Ni chemistry cathode, Li(Li0.05Ni0.57Mn0.31Co0.07)O2, with a radial phase integration design that overcomes these limitations, enabling a remarkable Ni usage reduction (Ni < 0.6) while demonstrating high capacity (215 mAh g−1) and markedly improved cyclability (~97% retention over 400 cycles) compared to conventional high-Ni cathodes (Ni = 0.8). Advanced X-ray and electron microscopy analyses reveal that the designed cathode exhibits a highly reversible oxygen anionic redox, benefiting from a structurally stable surface and minimizing irreversible phase transitions. Moreover, the integrated structure substantially mitigates lattice strain and improves mechanical stability even under harsh conditions. This advance offers a general design principle for developing next-generation cathodes that combine resource efficiency with long-term electrochemical reliability.