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<p>Stress, anxiety, and depression represent significant challenges to global public health. Exposure to virtual natural environments, as a convenient and scalable intervention, has shown uncertain effects on healthy adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of exposure to virtual natural environments on stress, anxiety, and depression in healthy adults. A total of 24 studies were included after searching five databases. The results indicate that exposure to virtual natural environments effectively reduces anxiety levels (SMD = 0.82, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, large effect), stress levels (SMD = 0.577, <i>p</i> = 0.003, moderate effect), and depression levels (SMD = 0.621, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, moderate effect) in healthy adults. These findings suggest that exposure to virtual natural environments has a positive impact on mental health and can serve as a viable alternative when direct access to natural environments is not feasible.</p>

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Virtual nature, real relief: how exposure to virtual natural environments reduces anxiety, stress, and depression in healthy adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Lunxin Chen,
  • Ruixiang Yan,
  • Jialiang Yu

摘要

Stress, anxiety, and depression represent significant challenges to global public health. Exposure to virtual natural environments, as a convenient and scalable intervention, has shown uncertain effects on healthy adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of exposure to virtual natural environments on stress, anxiety, and depression in healthy adults. A total of 24 studies were included after searching five databases. The results indicate that exposure to virtual natural environments effectively reduces anxiety levels (SMD = 0.82, p < 0.001, large effect), stress levels (SMD = 0.577, p = 0.003, moderate effect), and depression levels (SMD = 0.621, p < 0.001, moderate effect) in healthy adults. These findings suggest that exposure to virtual natural environments has a positive impact on mental health and can serve as a viable alternative when direct access to natural environments is not feasible.