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<p>Mechanical cantilevers are central to nanotechnology, where low bending rigidity makes stability the fundamental challenge. Here, we introduce a wrinkle-induced stiffening approach that enhances the bending rigidity of monolayer graphene by several orders of magnitude, enabling the fabrication of mechanically robust graphene cantilevers. When suspended over microcavities, these wrinkled membranes exhibit significant increases in both in-plane and out-of-plane stiffness, as confirmed by nanoindentation and resonance measurements, which also reveal that enhanced bending rigidity strongly influences their vibrational response. This behavior marks a transition from tension-dominated mechanics to a regime where bending effects become prominent, even in a single atomic layer. By sculpting these structures, we realize graphene cantilevers with measured bending rigidities between 10<sup>6</sup>–10<sup>7</sup> eV, while maintaining femtogram-scale mass. These findings establish a mechanical stabilization mechanism for realizing ultrathin cantilevers and highlight their potential for applications where high compliance is of importance.</p>

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Mechanical reinforcement of graphene via wrinkling

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Hadi Arjmandi-Tash,
  • Roshan Prasad,
  • Hanqing Liu,
  • Gerard Verbiest,
  • Dominic Vella,
  • F. Alijani

摘要

Mechanical cantilevers are central to nanotechnology, where low bending rigidity makes stability the fundamental challenge. Here, we introduce a wrinkle-induced stiffening approach that enhances the bending rigidity of monolayer graphene by several orders of magnitude, enabling the fabrication of mechanically robust graphene cantilevers. When suspended over microcavities, these wrinkled membranes exhibit significant increases in both in-plane and out-of-plane stiffness, as confirmed by nanoindentation and resonance measurements, which also reveal that enhanced bending rigidity strongly influences their vibrational response. This behavior marks a transition from tension-dominated mechanics to a regime where bending effects become prominent, even in a single atomic layer. By sculpting these structures, we realize graphene cantilevers with measured bending rigidities between 106–107 eV, while maintaining femtogram-scale mass. These findings establish a mechanical stabilization mechanism for realizing ultrathin cantilevers and highlight their potential for applications where high compliance is of importance.