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<p>The present work provides a systematic evaluation of direct pressure-assisted High-Frequency Induction Heat Sintering (HFIHS) of gas-atomized 316&#xa0;L stainless steel powder at 40&#xa0;MPa, approximately 50&#xa0;kHz, 1000–1150&#xa0;°C, a 5&#xa0;min hold, and approximately 1 × 10⁻³ Torr. Relative density, Vickers hardness, maximum compressive stress, microstructure, and corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt% NaCl were evaluated. Relative density increased from 88.87% at 1000&#xa0;°C to 98.61% at 1150&#xa0;°C. Hardness measurements increased from 156.5 ± 5.2 HV10 to 263.0 ± 14.4 HV10, while the measured maximum compressive stress increased from 284 to 379&#xa0;MPa. Fiji-based image analysis showed decreasing pore-area fraction, pore size, and pore connectivity, together with increasing pore circularity and grain size. The lowest polarization-derived corrosion rate was obtained at 1100&#xa0;°C, whereas the 1150&#xa0;°C specimen had the highest density and a comparatively clean post-corrosion surface. Within the investigated conditions, the results indicate that direct HFIHS can consolidate 316&#xa0;L stainless steel to near-full density within a short processing cycle and at substantially lower applied pressure than the conventional press-and-sinter baseline used for comparison.</p>

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High-frequency induction heat sintering of 316L stainless steel: a systematic investigation of ultra-low-pressure processing, microstructure, and corrosion performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Ayman Mahmoud Fahim,
  • Tamás Mikó,
  • Hany S. Abdo,
  • Ubair Abdus Samad,
  • Ibrahim A. Alnaser,
  • Zoltán Gácsi

摘要

The present work provides a systematic evaluation of direct pressure-assisted High-Frequency Induction Heat Sintering (HFIHS) of gas-atomized 316 L stainless steel powder at 40 MPa, approximately 50 kHz, 1000–1150 °C, a 5 min hold, and approximately 1 × 10⁻³ Torr. Relative density, Vickers hardness, maximum compressive stress, microstructure, and corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt% NaCl were evaluated. Relative density increased from 88.87% at 1000 °C to 98.61% at 1150 °C. Hardness measurements increased from 156.5 ± 5.2 HV10 to 263.0 ± 14.4 HV10, while the measured maximum compressive stress increased from 284 to 379 MPa. Fiji-based image analysis showed decreasing pore-area fraction, pore size, and pore connectivity, together with increasing pore circularity and grain size. The lowest polarization-derived corrosion rate was obtained at 1100 °C, whereas the 1150 °C specimen had the highest density and a comparatively clean post-corrosion surface. Within the investigated conditions, the results indicate that direct HFIHS can consolidate 316 L stainless steel to near-full density within a short processing cycle and at substantially lower applied pressure than the conventional press-and-sinter baseline used for comparison.