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<p>Ultrasonography of the urinary bladder is widely performed in dogs to detect mural abnormalities; however, reference values remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of body weight, anatomical region, and degree of distension on bladder wall thickness and stiffness in healthy male dogs. Thirty healthy male dogs were included and divided into groups (G1: 10–20&#xa0;kg; G2: 20–30&#xa0;kg). The animals underwent urethral catheterization to control distension with saline (2, 5, and 8 mL/kg), followed by B-mode ultrasonography and shear wave elastography. Bladder wall thickness was measured at the apex, body, and neck, on both dorsal and ventral aspects, by two evaluators. Shear wave velocity (m/s) was measured in the dorsal and ventral bladder body. Thickness measurements were reproducible between evaluators and decreased as the degree of distension increased. In all anatomical regions, the ventral wall showed lower thickness and higher stiffness. Greater thickness values were observed in G2; however, no difference in stiffness was found between groups. It is concluded that wall thickness is influenced by body weight, degree of distension, and anatomical region, whereas stiffness is influenced only by the degree of bladder distension.</p>

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Evaluation of the urinary bladder wall in healthy male dogs using B-mode ultrasonography and 2D shear wave elastography

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Rafael Kretzer Carneiro,
  • Bruna da Motta,
  • Maria Paula Luchi da Silva Mattos,
  • Rafaela Della Giustina Vanz Borges,
  • Kaio Augusto,
  • Alex Sandro Uliana,
  • Cainan Costa de Sá Maynardes,
  • Mere Erika Saito,
  • Igor Cezar Da Cruz

摘要

Ultrasonography of the urinary bladder is widely performed in dogs to detect mural abnormalities; however, reference values remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of body weight, anatomical region, and degree of distension on bladder wall thickness and stiffness in healthy male dogs. Thirty healthy male dogs were included and divided into groups (G1: 10–20 kg; G2: 20–30 kg). The animals underwent urethral catheterization to control distension with saline (2, 5, and 8 mL/kg), followed by B-mode ultrasonography and shear wave elastography. Bladder wall thickness was measured at the apex, body, and neck, on both dorsal and ventral aspects, by two evaluators. Shear wave velocity (m/s) was measured in the dorsal and ventral bladder body. Thickness measurements were reproducible between evaluators and decreased as the degree of distension increased. In all anatomical regions, the ventral wall showed lower thickness and higher stiffness. Greater thickness values were observed in G2; however, no difference in stiffness was found between groups. It is concluded that wall thickness is influenced by body weight, degree of distension, and anatomical region, whereas stiffness is influenced only by the degree of bladder distension.