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<p>Oxidant (OX) is a key metric in air quality, representing the sum of ozone (O₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). This combined measure accounts for their rapid interconversion in photochemical cycles through photostationary state relationships and is crucial for shaping air pollution mitigation strategies, especially considering the local and regional contributions of OX. This study pioneers the use of satellite remote sensing (RS) data to estimate OX and its local and regional contributions. For this purpose, AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) and TROPOMI (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument) satellite observations were leveraged to derive near‑surface O₃ and NO₂ concentration estimates from satellite column observations, respectively, across five zones of Tehran, Iran and a background area (southwest of the city) over the period 2019–2023. Then OX data, derived from the combination of O<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> RS-derived estimates, facilitated the assessment of local and regional contributions through concentration disparities between the selected zones and the background area. The O<sub>3</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and OX temporal trends derived from RS data showed strong agreement with air quality monitoring station (AQMS) observations. Furthermore, the spatial analysis revealed significant regional and local influences on O<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Subsequent calculations using RS data unveiled that over 90% (around 70&#xa0;ppb) of OX is regionally sourced, with local contributions peaking at 25% (20&#xa0;ppb) during hot months (June and July). In addition, a declining trend in OX and its local and regional shares was observed, with the local component exhibiting a steeper decrease, plummeting from 34&#xa0;ppb in 2019 to 20&#xa0;ppb in 2023, potentially associated with air pollution abatement initiatives in Tehran. By employing remote sensing, this study offers a more accurate assessment of local and regional OX contributions, overcoming limitations inherent in standard AQMS-based partitioning methods, particularly regarding spatial representativeness and the accurate attribution of local versus regional source influences.</p>

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A novel method for analysis of oxidant (OX = O3 + NO2) and its local and regional contributions using satellite remote sensing data

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • Ahmad Taheri,
  • Babak Khorsandi,
  • Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam

摘要

Oxidant (OX) is a key metric in air quality, representing the sum of ozone (O₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). This combined measure accounts for their rapid interconversion in photochemical cycles through photostationary state relationships and is crucial for shaping air pollution mitigation strategies, especially considering the local and regional contributions of OX. This study pioneers the use of satellite remote sensing (RS) data to estimate OX and its local and regional contributions. For this purpose, AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) and TROPOMI (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument) satellite observations were leveraged to derive near‑surface O₃ and NO₂ concentration estimates from satellite column observations, respectively, across five zones of Tehran, Iran and a background area (southwest of the city) over the period 2019–2023. Then OX data, derived from the combination of O3 and NO2 RS-derived estimates, facilitated the assessment of local and regional contributions through concentration disparities between the selected zones and the background area. The O3, NO2, and OX temporal trends derived from RS data showed strong agreement with air quality monitoring station (AQMS) observations. Furthermore, the spatial analysis revealed significant regional and local influences on O3 and NO2, respectively. Subsequent calculations using RS data unveiled that over 90% (around 70 ppb) of OX is regionally sourced, with local contributions peaking at 25% (20 ppb) during hot months (June and July). In addition, a declining trend in OX and its local and regional shares was observed, with the local component exhibiting a steeper decrease, plummeting from 34 ppb in 2019 to 20 ppb in 2023, potentially associated with air pollution abatement initiatives in Tehran. By employing remote sensing, this study offers a more accurate assessment of local and regional OX contributions, overcoming limitations inherent in standard AQMS-based partitioning methods, particularly regarding spatial representativeness and the accurate attribution of local versus regional source influences.