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<p>Strong mining tremors are a significant trigger of dynamic disasters in deep underground coal mines, especially within the near-field disturbance zone, where they induce intense dynamic disturbances and pronounced cyclic loading-unloading effects. However, the coupled effects of cyclic fatigue and strain rate on the damage and degradation of coal and rock masses remain unclear. This study used seismic-wave forward modelling to identify the strain-rate scale of mining tremor disturbances. The results indicate that strong and high-frequency mining tremors can induce intermediate strain-rate disturbances in near-field zones. Weaker events mainly produce quasi-static cyclic disturbances, and long-term accumulation can lead to fatigue failure. A dynamic cyclic damage contact model (DCDCM) to simulate strain rate strengthening and fatigue damage under cyclic loading at intermediate strain rates was developed. In the model, contact strength was adjusted according to loading rate, and fatigue deterioration was represented by progressive reduction of contact bond radius. Numerical tests examined the evolution of strength, deformation, cracking, energy and damage under different cyclic stress amplitudes, loading rates and durations. The results show that higher cyclic stress amplitude and longer duration exacerbate fatigue damage and strength degradation through faster reduction of the contact bond radius. Under the same stress amplitude, a higher loading rate reduces initial single cycle damage because of the strain rate effect, but intensifies cumulative deterioration by promoting faster bond-radius reduction. Correlation analysis shows that cyclic stress amplitude exerts the strongest influence on mechanical property degradation, followed by loading rate and cyclic duration, with compressive strength being the most sensitive indicator. This study provides a numerical framework for evaluating the cumulative damage and strength degradation characteristics of rock mass under dynamic loading disturbances in mining environments with active mining tremors.</p>

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Numerical investigation of cyclic damage and deterioration in rock mass under strong mining tremor disturbances at intermediate strain rates

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Fan Chen,
  • Anye Cao,
  • Zhengzhao Liang,
  • Chengchun Xue,
  • Yaoqi Liu,
  • Guowei Lyu

摘要

Strong mining tremors are a significant trigger of dynamic disasters in deep underground coal mines, especially within the near-field disturbance zone, where they induce intense dynamic disturbances and pronounced cyclic loading-unloading effects. However, the coupled effects of cyclic fatigue and strain rate on the damage and degradation of coal and rock masses remain unclear. This study used seismic-wave forward modelling to identify the strain-rate scale of mining tremor disturbances. The results indicate that strong and high-frequency mining tremors can induce intermediate strain-rate disturbances in near-field zones. Weaker events mainly produce quasi-static cyclic disturbances, and long-term accumulation can lead to fatigue failure. A dynamic cyclic damage contact model (DCDCM) to simulate strain rate strengthening and fatigue damage under cyclic loading at intermediate strain rates was developed. In the model, contact strength was adjusted according to loading rate, and fatigue deterioration was represented by progressive reduction of contact bond radius. Numerical tests examined the evolution of strength, deformation, cracking, energy and damage under different cyclic stress amplitudes, loading rates and durations. The results show that higher cyclic stress amplitude and longer duration exacerbate fatigue damage and strength degradation through faster reduction of the contact bond radius. Under the same stress amplitude, a higher loading rate reduces initial single cycle damage because of the strain rate effect, but intensifies cumulative deterioration by promoting faster bond-radius reduction. Correlation analysis shows that cyclic stress amplitude exerts the strongest influence on mechanical property degradation, followed by loading rate and cyclic duration, with compressive strength being the most sensitive indicator. This study provides a numerical framework for evaluating the cumulative damage and strength degradation characteristics of rock mass under dynamic loading disturbances in mining environments with active mining tremors.