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<p>HIV/AIDS is the most dangerous disease in the world and affects the functions of all human beings in public health, economics, society, political issues, and communities. Currently, 40.4&#xa0;million people are living with HIV/AIDS, as the World Health Organization estimated in 2023. The study was aimed to identify factors that affected the survival time of adults’ HIV/AIDS patients in the pastoralist area of Borena at Yabelo General Hospital. Despite the growing body of evidence on HIV/AIDS survival in Ethiopia, there is limited research focusing specifically on pastoralist communities, who face unique challenges including geographic isolation, limited healthcare access, low health literacy, and distinct socio-cultural practices. This study was performed in the survival model analysis, which used the Kaplan-Meier plots, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model. The sample size for this study was 293 clients involved in a study that was collected from recorded data, and the study design is a retrospective cohort study. Based on the results of this study, out of the total sample size, 179 (61.1%) were female and 114 (38.1%) were male. Among those males, 36 (31.6%) were dead. From the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, the following factors were statistically significantly associated with mortality: gender (male vs. female: AHR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.03–2.78; <i>p</i> = 0.036), educational status (secondary vs. no formal education: AHR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11–0.88; <i>p</i> = 0.028), place of residence (urban vs. rural: AHR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.27–0.76; <i>p</i> = 0.002), tuberculosis co-infection (AHR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.04–2.85; <i>p</i> = 0.035), family history (AHR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01–2.75; <i>p</i> = 0.047), and opportunistic infections (AHR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.36–3.91; <i>p</i> = 0.002). In general, we concluded that patients who live in urban areas have a lower risk of death than those who live in rural areas, which means that those who live in rural areas have a lower survival probability.Male patients, individuals with TB co-infection, patients with opportunistic infections, and those with a family history of HIV/AIDS showed significantly higher mortality risks. Therefore, Borena zone administration should give special attention to adult patients in order to increase life expectancy.</p>

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Survival and associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients in a pastoralist area of Borena zone, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Galgalo Jaba Nura,
  • Markos Abiso Erango

摘要

HIV/AIDS is the most dangerous disease in the world and affects the functions of all human beings in public health, economics, society, political issues, and communities. Currently, 40.4 million people are living with HIV/AIDS, as the World Health Organization estimated in 2023. The study was aimed to identify factors that affected the survival time of adults’ HIV/AIDS patients in the pastoralist area of Borena at Yabelo General Hospital. Despite the growing body of evidence on HIV/AIDS survival in Ethiopia, there is limited research focusing specifically on pastoralist communities, who face unique challenges including geographic isolation, limited healthcare access, low health literacy, and distinct socio-cultural practices. This study was performed in the survival model analysis, which used the Kaplan-Meier plots, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model. The sample size for this study was 293 clients involved in a study that was collected from recorded data, and the study design is a retrospective cohort study. Based on the results of this study, out of the total sample size, 179 (61.1%) were female and 114 (38.1%) were male. Among those males, 36 (31.6%) were dead. From the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, the following factors were statistically significantly associated with mortality: gender (male vs. female: AHR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.03–2.78; p = 0.036), educational status (secondary vs. no formal education: AHR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11–0.88; p = 0.028), place of residence (urban vs. rural: AHR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.27–0.76; p = 0.002), tuberculosis co-infection (AHR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.04–2.85; p = 0.035), family history (AHR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01–2.75; p = 0.047), and opportunistic infections (AHR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.36–3.91; p = 0.002). In general, we concluded that patients who live in urban areas have a lower risk of death than those who live in rural areas, which means that those who live in rural areas have a lower survival probability.Male patients, individuals with TB co-infection, patients with opportunistic infections, and those with a family history of HIV/AIDS showed significantly higher mortality risks. Therefore, Borena zone administration should give special attention to adult patients in order to increase life expectancy.