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<p>The ability to acquire and adjust a sensorimotor skill relies on coordinated activity within a cortico–basal ganglia–thalamo–cortical loop, yet the underlying inter-areal dynamics remain unclear. The zebra finch (<i>Taeniopygia castanotis</i>) is well suited for studying these mechanisms, as male song depends on this circuit to bias downstream motor activity and adjust vocal output to social context. Using a custom-made reusable and torque-adjustable Neuropixels implant, we simultaneously recorded neural activity in the premotor region LMAN and in the basal ganglia–like striatal region Area X during rest, solo song, and female-directed song. Pairwise cross-covariance analyses among LMAN units and established striatal and pallidal neuron types revealed heterogeneous interactions during song that vanished on a population level whereas strong co-activation emerged for non-singing epochs. These results suggest that cortico–basal ganglia interactions are dynamically regulated across behavioral states—strong during spontaneous activity yet decorrelated during song—without specialization by Area X neuron type.</p>

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Song decorrelates cortico–basal ganglia ensembles in zebra finches

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Corinna Lorenz,
  • Ezequiel M. Arneodo,
  • Richard H. R. Hahnloser,
  • Nicolas Giret

摘要

The ability to acquire and adjust a sensorimotor skill relies on coordinated activity within a cortico–basal ganglia–thalamo–cortical loop, yet the underlying inter-areal dynamics remain unclear. The zebra finch (Taeniopygia castanotis) is well suited for studying these mechanisms, as male song depends on this circuit to bias downstream motor activity and adjust vocal output to social context. Using a custom-made reusable and torque-adjustable Neuropixels implant, we simultaneously recorded neural activity in the premotor region LMAN and in the basal ganglia–like striatal region Area X during rest, solo song, and female-directed song. Pairwise cross-covariance analyses among LMAN units and established striatal and pallidal neuron types revealed heterogeneous interactions during song that vanished on a population level whereas strong co-activation emerged for non-singing epochs. These results suggest that cortico–basal ganglia interactions are dynamically regulated across behavioral states—strong during spontaneous activity yet decorrelated during song—without specialization by Area X neuron type.