<p>Low-symmetry van der Waals (vdW) materials have recently emerged as a fertile platform for generating unconventional spin-orbit torques (SOTs) beyond the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) framework. Here, we report the experimental observation of a field-like torque (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation>) associated with out-of-plane (<i>z</i>-polarized) spin polarization in Py/WTe<sub>2</sub> and Py/MoTe<sub>2</sub> heterostructures using angle-resolved spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance. Angular symmetry analysis enables the unambiguous separation of vector torque components, revealing that the <i>z</i>-polarized <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation> reaches a magnitude comparable to that of the conventional in-plane damping-like torque (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\tau\:}_{DLT}\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation>) associated with the SHE. Complementary macrospin simulations demonstrate that the inclusion of <i>z</i>-polarized <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation> enables fast switching of in-plane magnetization, in contrast to conventional heavy-metal-based systems. Our experimental and simulation results establish low-symmetry vdW-based heterostructures as a viable platform for generating sizable out-of-plane SOTs and achieving efficient control of in-plane magnetization.</p>

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Field-like spin-orbit torque associated with out-of-plane spin polarization in Py/van der Waals heterostructures

  • Byeong-Gwon Kim,
  • Young-Jun Nah,
  • Gyuyoung Park,
  • Mingyu Jang,
  • SeongJin Kim,
  • Deok Hyun Yun,
  • Tae-Eon Park,
  • Hyun Cheol Koo,
  • Joonki Suh,
  • OukJae Lee,
  • Byeong-Kwon Ju,
  • Ki-Young Lee

摘要

Low-symmetry van der Waals (vdW) materials have recently emerged as a fertile platform for generating unconventional spin-orbit torques (SOTs) beyond the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) framework. Here, we report the experimental observation of a field-like torque (\(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\)) associated with out-of-plane (z-polarized) spin polarization in Py/WTe2 and Py/MoTe2 heterostructures using angle-resolved spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance. Angular symmetry analysis enables the unambiguous separation of vector torque components, revealing that the z-polarized \(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\) reaches a magnitude comparable to that of the conventional in-plane damping-like torque (\(\:{\tau\:}_{DLT}\)) associated with the SHE. Complementary macrospin simulations demonstrate that the inclusion of z-polarized \(\:{\tau\:}_{FLT}\) enables fast switching of in-plane magnetization, in contrast to conventional heavy-metal-based systems. Our experimental and simulation results establish low-symmetry vdW-based heterostructures as a viable platform for generating sizable out-of-plane SOTs and achieving efficient control of in-plane magnetization.