Variations in regional assessment strategies for coastal flooding in the U.S. east and gulf coasts
摘要
Despite the increasing threat of climate change-driven coastal hazards, some coastal states within the United States (U.S.) have illustrated distinct knowledge gaps in development of localized and scientifically accurate future sea-level rise assessments. Though traditional sea-level rise assessments for these states are often lacking, assessments of coastal flood hazards (i.e., coastal impact assessments) are more common. Here, we analyze variability across coastal impact assessment strategies employed in different coastal regions of the U.S. by creating a database of publicly accessible coastal impact assessments for the U.S. East and Gulf Coasts. Our findings reveal insights into how future coastal impacts are quantified and communicated within the U.S. South and Northeast. Both regions often assess flood risk through infrastructure damage (67% of Southern and 45% of Northeastern projections) and generate projections using sea-level rise as a driver (56% for the South, 42% for the Northeast). A more varied amount of assessments combine sea-level rise with storm surge (35% for the South, 57% for the Northeast) to assess flood drivers. Every state in the U.S. South and Northeast, even those without traditional sea-level rise assessments, has produced one or more coastal impact assessments, providing an important pathway for communicating science to coastal decision-makers across varying geographical regions, including those where traditional sea-level rise assessments are unavailable.