Scholarlink

<p>This single−group observational study investigated, in female football players, the associations between internal training load (ITL) metrics and changes in sprint endurance and aerobic fitness following a 4−week off−season training program combining small−sided games (SSGs) and repeated−sprint training (RST). Fifteen adolescent female football players (age: 14.9 ± 1.6 years) completed two SSG and two RST sessions per week, for a total of 16 sessions. Sprint endurance was assessed by the 30−s all−out test (30−s test), while aerobic fitness was evaluated using the Yo−Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1), both administered pre− and post−intervention. ITL was quantified using heart rate−derived measures, including time spent at ≥ 90% of peak heart rate (T ≥ 90%HRpeak), training impulse (TRIMP), and session rating of perceived exertion training load (sRPE−TL). Significant changes were observed in both sprint endurance (30−s test: <i>p</i> = 0.004, <i>d</i> = 1.88) and aerobic fitness (YYIR1: <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>d</i> = 1.21). Weekly TRIMP and T ≥ 90%HRpeak showed significant increases throughout the intervention period (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), whereas sRPE−TL remained relatively stable. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.008) between ITL metrics and performance changes: sRPE−TL was correlated with changes in the YYIR1 (ρ = 0.94), TRIMP with the 30−s test (ρ = 0.66), and T ≥ 90%HRpeak with the 30−s test (<i>r</i> = 0.87) and YYIR1 (<i>r</i> = 0.67). These findings suggest that, in adolescent female football players, ITL metrics, particularly T ≥ 90%HRpeak, are associated with changes in sprint endurance and aerobic fitness during a short−term, HIIT off−season program. Moreover, sRPE−TL and TRIMP may provide practical indicators for monitoring individual training responses in short off−season periods. However, our findings should be interpreted with caution due to the absence of a control group.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Associations between internal training load and changes in sprint endurance and aerobic fitness during a 4 − week off−season HIIT program in adolescent female football players

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

查看全文
  • Marco Panascì,
  • Gennaro Apollaro,
  • Vittoria Ferrando,
  • Carlo Castagna,
  • Vincenzo Rago,
  • Piero Ruggeri,
  • Emanuela Faelli

摘要

This single−group observational study investigated, in female football players, the associations between internal training load (ITL) metrics and changes in sprint endurance and aerobic fitness following a 4−week off−season training program combining small−sided games (SSGs) and repeated−sprint training (RST). Fifteen adolescent female football players (age: 14.9 ± 1.6 years) completed two SSG and two RST sessions per week, for a total of 16 sessions. Sprint endurance was assessed by the 30−s all−out test (30−s test), while aerobic fitness was evaluated using the Yo−Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1), both administered pre− and post−intervention. ITL was quantified using heart rate−derived measures, including time spent at ≥ 90% of peak heart rate (T ≥ 90%HRpeak), training impulse (TRIMP), and session rating of perceived exertion training load (sRPE−TL). Significant changes were observed in both sprint endurance (30−s test: p = 0.004, d = 1.88) and aerobic fitness (YYIR1: p < 0.001, d = 1.21). Weekly TRIMP and T ≥ 90%HRpeak showed significant increases throughout the intervention period (p < 0.01), whereas sRPE−TL remained relatively stable. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations (p ≤ 0.008) between ITL metrics and performance changes: sRPE−TL was correlated with changes in the YYIR1 (ρ = 0.94), TRIMP with the 30−s test (ρ = 0.66), and T ≥ 90%HRpeak with the 30−s test (r = 0.87) and YYIR1 (r = 0.67). These findings suggest that, in adolescent female football players, ITL metrics, particularly T ≥ 90%HRpeak, are associated with changes in sprint endurance and aerobic fitness during a short−term, HIIT off−season program. Moreover, sRPE−TL and TRIMP may provide practical indicators for monitoring individual training responses in short off−season periods. However, our findings should be interpreted with caution due to the absence of a control group.