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<p>Solar energy intermittency requires compact devices for simultaneous photon-to-charge conversion and storage. Conventional photo-supercapacitors (PSCs) are limited by poor UV response in MnO₂-based systems, restricted visible-light absorption of wide-bandgap oxides, and charge recombination in tandem electrodes. This study addresses these challenges through a multi-cell quasi-solid-state PSC that integrates separate ZnO, ZnO/g-C₃N₄, and MnO₂ cells, enabling efficient UV and sunlight harvesting while avoiding recombination losses. The optimized device delivered a specific capacitance of 32.56&#xa0;F g<sup>-1</sup>, Coulombic efficiency of 81.86%, power density of 9375 W kg<sup>-1,</sup> and energy density of 18.09 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> under illumination. It powered a red LED for 75&#xa0;s after bias charging and operated a digital clock for 30&#xa0;min when charged under direct sunlight, demonstrating strong potential for autonomous solar energy systems.</p>

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Multi-cell quasi-solid-state photo-supercapacitor integrating ZnO, ZnO/g-C₃N₄, and MnO₂ for simultaneous light harvesting and energy storage

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Tuluhan Olcayto Colak,
  • Ecenaz Yaman,
  • Cigdem Tuc Altaf,
  • Mehmet Sankir,
  • Nurdan Demirci Sankir

摘要

Solar energy intermittency requires compact devices for simultaneous photon-to-charge conversion and storage. Conventional photo-supercapacitors (PSCs) are limited by poor UV response in MnO₂-based systems, restricted visible-light absorption of wide-bandgap oxides, and charge recombination in tandem electrodes. This study addresses these challenges through a multi-cell quasi-solid-state PSC that integrates separate ZnO, ZnO/g-C₃N₄, and MnO₂ cells, enabling efficient UV and sunlight harvesting while avoiding recombination losses. The optimized device delivered a specific capacitance of 32.56 F g-1, Coulombic efficiency of 81.86%, power density of 9375 W kg-1, and energy density of 18.09 Wh kg-1 under illumination. It powered a red LED for 75 s after bias charging and operated a digital clock for 30 min when charged under direct sunlight, demonstrating strong potential for autonomous solar energy systems.