Theoretical insights into the adsorptive removal of nitrate ion as a detrimental pollutant using Mo-decorated rG material through DFT calculations
摘要
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to systematically assess the efficacy of Mo-decorated reduced graphene (rG) structure for the remediation of nitrate anion pollutants. The adsorption mechanism was initially scrutinized to ascertain the most probable adsorption sites through optimized geometries, adsorption energies, bond lengths, and electronic structures. Following this process, a comprehensive investigation was conducted to evaluate the adsorption properties of the nitrate (NO3) anion. The results of these analyses included adsorption energy, Charge Density Difference (CDD), and Density of States (DOS). It is revealed that defect sites and the decoration of Mo atoms within the rG sheet could adsorb the nitrate anion without breaking its internal bonds. Notably, the NO3-Mo-decorated rG exhibited the strong adsorption energy. Further examination employing Bader charge analysis and Partial Density of States (PDOS) indicated that the orbitals within the NO3-Mo-decorated rG structure have occupied the largest share in the conduction band. This resulted in noticeable charge depletion. Consequently, the NO3-Mo-decorated rG structure illustrated complete nitrate adsorption.