<p>Incorporation of micron-to-nanometer fillers into fiber-reinforced epoxy composites is a viable way to improve mechanical performance. The study presents an in-depth evaluation of micro- and nano-scale copper additives within GFRE (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy) composites subjected to similar fabrication and loading conditions, accompanied by a performance-cost analysis adopting a multi-criteria decision-making (Entropy–TOPSIS) technique. GFRE laminates were manufactured incorporating three different contents of 0.2 wt%, 2 wt%, and 4 wt% micro/nano Cu fillers utilizing controlled sonication and mechanical stirring. The study simultaneously evaluates the tensile characteristics (on- and off-axis), hardness, void content, and cost-effectiveness. The results, presented as mean values with related standard deviations shown in the figures, indicated an improvement in on-axis tensile strength of 21% and 20.6% for 4 wt% micro-Cu and 2 wt% nano-Cu, respectively. However, improvement in off-axis tensile strength of 33.8% and 38.2% for 2 wt% micro- Cu and 2 wt% nano-Cu. Maximum enhancement of on axis strain is 65.7% for 2 wt% nano-Cu and for off axis strain of 43.6% is attained also with 2 wt% nano-Cu. The analysis indicates nano-Cu performed better at modest contents, while micro-Cu is cost-effective and more stable at higher contents. These outcomes serve to optimize GFRE composites for structural applications that require performance-to-cost balances.</p>

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Enhancing the tensile performance of GFRE composites: a comparative study of micro- and nano-copper fillers

  • A. M. Sadoun,
  • M. Megahed,
  • El-Sayed R. Negeed,
  • D. Morsy,
  • A. Fathy,
  • Obaidullah Alfahmi,
  • Mohamed Abbas El-Naggar,
  • Amr Seif

摘要

Incorporation of micron-to-nanometer fillers into fiber-reinforced epoxy composites is a viable way to improve mechanical performance. The study presents an in-depth evaluation of micro- and nano-scale copper additives within GFRE (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy) composites subjected to similar fabrication and loading conditions, accompanied by a performance-cost analysis adopting a multi-criteria decision-making (Entropy–TOPSIS) technique. GFRE laminates were manufactured incorporating three different contents of 0.2 wt%, 2 wt%, and 4 wt% micro/nano Cu fillers utilizing controlled sonication and mechanical stirring. The study simultaneously evaluates the tensile characteristics (on- and off-axis), hardness, void content, and cost-effectiveness. The results, presented as mean values with related standard deviations shown in the figures, indicated an improvement in on-axis tensile strength of 21% and 20.6% for 4 wt% micro-Cu and 2 wt% nano-Cu, respectively. However, improvement in off-axis tensile strength of 33.8% and 38.2% for 2 wt% micro- Cu and 2 wt% nano-Cu. Maximum enhancement of on axis strain is 65.7% for 2 wt% nano-Cu and for off axis strain of 43.6% is attained also with 2 wt% nano-Cu. The analysis indicates nano-Cu performed better at modest contents, while micro-Cu is cost-effective and more stable at higher contents. These outcomes serve to optimize GFRE composites for structural applications that require performance-to-cost balances.