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<p>Pneumonia causes significant mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, yet traditional culture-based pathogen detection lacks sufficient sensitivity. While bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) provides optimal diagnostic yield, bronchoscopy is often contraindicated in critically ill patients. This study compares the respiratory microbiome profiles of paired tracheal aspirate (ETA) and BAL samples from pneumonia patients in a tertiary hospital ICU (n=23, November 2019–September 2022). Using 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing, we analyzed microbial diversity (Shannon Index), taxonomic composition, and differential abundance (edgeR). Results showed comparable diversity indices and microbial communities between ETA and BAL samples, with ETA successfully capturing key pneumonia-related microbial signatures. These findings validate ETA as a reliable, less invasive alternative to BAL for respiratory microbiome analysis in critically ill patients, establishing the groundwork for future clinical applications.</p>

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Alternative to invasive bronchoscopy: validating tracheal aspirates for microbiome profiling in intensive care unit pneumonia patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Parshatd Govindasamy,
  • Jun Yeun Cho,
  • Jiyoul Yang,
  • Bumhee Yang,
  • Sun-Hyung Kim,
  • Ki Man Lee,
  • Kang Hyeon Choe,
  • Ok-Jun Lee,
  • Eung-Gook Kim,
  • Kalai Mathee,
  • Giri Narasimhan,
  • Yoon Mi Shin

摘要

Pneumonia causes significant mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, yet traditional culture-based pathogen detection lacks sufficient sensitivity. While bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) provides optimal diagnostic yield, bronchoscopy is often contraindicated in critically ill patients. This study compares the respiratory microbiome profiles of paired tracheal aspirate (ETA) and BAL samples from pneumonia patients in a tertiary hospital ICU (n=23, November 2019–September 2022). Using 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing, we analyzed microbial diversity (Shannon Index), taxonomic composition, and differential abundance (edgeR). Results showed comparable diversity indices and microbial communities between ETA and BAL samples, with ETA successfully capturing key pneumonia-related microbial signatures. These findings validate ETA as a reliable, less invasive alternative to BAL for respiratory microbiome analysis in critically ill patients, establishing the groundwork for future clinical applications.