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<p>Respiratory infections caused by various viruses, including the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), presents a significant global health challenge and contributes to substantial morbidity and mortality. However, information on the epidemiology and risk factors of RSV is not well studied in Amhara Region. Thus, this study assessed the epidemiology and risk factors of RSV in patients with severe respiratory illness in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. A prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 2023 to October 2024 in Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected and tested with molecular diagnostic techniques for virus detection using the Taq Man multiplex kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Variables with a <i>p</i> value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant association. Out of a total of 422 cases, 53 (12.6%) tested positive for RSV. The RSV positivity rate was higher among patients younger than 2&#xa0;years, with 34 (33.6%), and during the autumn season, with 26 (42.6%). About 238 (56.4%) were males among the suspected sever acute respiratory illness patients. Additionally, a large number of cases came from Bahir Dar and South Gondar administrative zones, accounting for 257 (60.9%) and 70 (16.6%), respectively. The RSV positivity rate was significantly associated with headache (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.87; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 2.93–21.1, <i>P</i> = 0.001). Factors such as runny nose, difficulty breathing, hemoptysis, and seasonal variation were also significantly associated with RSV infection (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of RSV infection was 12.6%<b>,</b> with the highest positivity rate observed among children under the age of 2 years. Clinical symptoms, including headache, runny nose, difficulty breathing, and hemoptysis, as well as seasonal variation, were significantly associated with RSV infection in this study. Further research is warranted to investigate RSV viral genotypes, additional clinical characteristics, and disease outcomes to enhance our understanding of the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and clinical impact of RSV infection.</p>

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Epidemiology and factors associated with respiratory syncytial virus in patients with severe acute respiratory illness in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Girma Zerefaw,
  • Destaw Kebede,
  • Addisu Tesfie,
  • Demeke Endalamaw,
  • Mulat Hussien,
  • Kindye Endaylalu,
  • Mekdes Getachew,
  • Paulos Fiseha,
  • Dinbere Temesgen,
  • Dinkenesh Chalchisa,
  • Alemayehu Abate,
  • Bokrotsion Gidey,
  • Adugna Abera,
  • Tazeb Molla,
  • Abay Sisay

摘要

Respiratory infections caused by various viruses, including the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), presents a significant global health challenge and contributes to substantial morbidity and mortality. However, information on the epidemiology and risk factors of RSV is not well studied in Amhara Region. Thus, this study assessed the epidemiology and risk factors of RSV in patients with severe respiratory illness in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. A prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 2023 to October 2024 in Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected and tested with molecular diagnostic techniques for virus detection using the Taq Man multiplex kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Variables with a p value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant association. Out of a total of 422 cases, 53 (12.6%) tested positive for RSV. The RSV positivity rate was higher among patients younger than 2 years, with 34 (33.6%), and during the autumn season, with 26 (42.6%). About 238 (56.4%) were males among the suspected sever acute respiratory illness patients. Additionally, a large number of cases came from Bahir Dar and South Gondar administrative zones, accounting for 257 (60.9%) and 70 (16.6%), respectively. The RSV positivity rate was significantly associated with headache (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.87; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 2.93–21.1, P = 0.001). Factors such as runny nose, difficulty breathing, hemoptysis, and seasonal variation were also significantly associated with RSV infection (p < 0.05). The prevalence of RSV infection was 12.6%, with the highest positivity rate observed among children under the age of 2 years. Clinical symptoms, including headache, runny nose, difficulty breathing, and hemoptysis, as well as seasonal variation, were significantly associated with RSV infection in this study. Further research is warranted to investigate RSV viral genotypes, additional clinical characteristics, and disease outcomes to enhance our understanding of the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and clinical impact of RSV infection.