Scholarlink

<p>Visible-light inter-satellite communication is a promising physical-layer option for secure and interference-resilient 6G satellite networking. However, most analytical studies still assume Lambertian emission, which limits insight into emitters with asymmetric or multi-lobe radiation patterns. This paper presents a controlled analytical framework for Lambertian, Z-Power, and non-symmetric power-weighted (NSPW) beams using consistent transmitter–receiver modeling, channel-gain, receiver-noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER) formulations, including solar-background effects under Fraunhofer-line operation. The analysis considers six design dimensions: link distance, irradiance angle, transmitted optical power, receiver-bandwidth scaling, optical-filter background leakage, and beam azimuth rotation. The results show a clear operating-regime transition: Lambertian emission is competitive for near-aligned links, whereas non-Lambertian beams offer markedly higher robustness at wide irradiance angles. In a representative proximity-case stress point (0.5 km, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(80^\circ\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation> irradiance angle), Z-Power and NSPW links achieve about 4.7 dB and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-9.7\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation> dB, respectively, while the Lambertian baseline remains near <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-55.4\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation> dB, corresponding to gains of approximately 60 dB and 45.7 dB. The bandwidth, distance-scaling, and link-budget discussions clarify that these values are beam-profile sensitivity margins rather than a flight-qualified payload budget. Overall, the findings provide a practical roadmap for beam selection, link-margin interpretation, and attitude-aware adaptation in robust 6G visible-light inter-satellite communication systems.</p>

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Performance characterization of non-Lambertian beams for 6G visible-light inter-satellite links

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Iván Sánchez Salazar,
  • Pablo Palacios Játiva,
  • Maria Camila Reyes,
  • Carlos Saavedra Arancibia,
  • Milton Román Cañizares,
  • Javier Guaña-Moya

摘要

Visible-light inter-satellite communication is a promising physical-layer option for secure and interference-resilient 6G satellite networking. However, most analytical studies still assume Lambertian emission, which limits insight into emitters with asymmetric or multi-lobe radiation patterns. This paper presents a controlled analytical framework for Lambertian, Z-Power, and non-symmetric power-weighted (NSPW) beams using consistent transmitter–receiver modeling, channel-gain, receiver-noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER) formulations, including solar-background effects under Fraunhofer-line operation. The analysis considers six design dimensions: link distance, irradiance angle, transmitted optical power, receiver-bandwidth scaling, optical-filter background leakage, and beam azimuth rotation. The results show a clear operating-regime transition: Lambertian emission is competitive for near-aligned links, whereas non-Lambertian beams offer markedly higher robustness at wide irradiance angles. In a representative proximity-case stress point (0.5 km, \(80^\circ\) irradiance angle), Z-Power and NSPW links achieve about 4.7 dB and \(-9.7\) dB, respectively, while the Lambertian baseline remains near \(-55.4\) dB, corresponding to gains of approximately 60 dB and 45.7 dB. The bandwidth, distance-scaling, and link-budget discussions clarify that these values are beam-profile sensitivity margins rather than a flight-qualified payload budget. Overall, the findings provide a practical roadmap for beam selection, link-margin interpretation, and attitude-aware adaptation in robust 6G visible-light inter-satellite communication systems.