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<p>To clarify the effects of different microbial fertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics, enzyme activities, and yield of oil sunflower under combined saline–alkali stress, and to screen suitable microbial fertilizer types and application concentrations for oil sunflower cultivation in saline–alkali soils, this study used the salt-tolerant oil sunflower cultivar NX53177 and the salt-sensitive cultivar NKY1502 as experimental materials. A randomized block design was adopted, with three microbial fertilizers (Qiaosengen, polylactic acid, and Aikesha) each applied at three concentrations (low, medium, and high) along with a control treatment. Photosynthetic parameters, stress-resistance-related enzyme activities, osmotic adjustment substances, and grain yield were systematically determined at different growth stages of oil sunflower. The results showed that under combined saline–alkali stress, the application of microbial fertilizers significantly increased leaf SPAD values, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (Gs), thereby enhancing photosynthetic efficiency. Meanwhile, proline (Pro) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity were increased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased, effectively alleviating oxidative damage caused by saline–alkali stress and enhancing plant stress resistance. Among all treatments, the medium concentration of Aikesha microbial fertilizer (T8 and T17) exhibited the optimal effect. At the flowering stage, Pn of the two cultivars increased by 22.82% and 19.49%, respectively, compared with the control. At the grain-filling stage, MDA content decreased by approximately 21% compared with the control. Grain yield reached 4879.65&#xa0;kg/hm² and 4709.59&#xa0;kg/hm², representing yield increases of 26.20% and 22.17%, respectively, relative to the control. The overall performance of the three microbial fertilizers followed the order: Aikesha &gt; polylactic acid &gt; Qiaosengen, and the medium concentration treatments were generally superior to both the low and high concentrations. The results of this study provide a scientific basis and technical support for the rational application of microbial fertilizers in oil sunflower cultivation on saline–alkali soils.</p>

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Effects of microbial fertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics and enzyme activities of oil sunflower under combined saline–alkali stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Shangqi Guan,
  • Yantao Liu,
  • Yutong Hu,
  • Wei Duan,
  • Kaiyong Wang,
  • Peng Wang,
  • Shengli Liu,
  • Zhifeng Zhu,
  • Xiuping Jia

摘要

To clarify the effects of different microbial fertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics, enzyme activities, and yield of oil sunflower under combined saline–alkali stress, and to screen suitable microbial fertilizer types and application concentrations for oil sunflower cultivation in saline–alkali soils, this study used the salt-tolerant oil sunflower cultivar NX53177 and the salt-sensitive cultivar NKY1502 as experimental materials. A randomized block design was adopted, with three microbial fertilizers (Qiaosengen, polylactic acid, and Aikesha) each applied at three concentrations (low, medium, and high) along with a control treatment. Photosynthetic parameters, stress-resistance-related enzyme activities, osmotic adjustment substances, and grain yield were systematically determined at different growth stages of oil sunflower. The results showed that under combined saline–alkali stress, the application of microbial fertilizers significantly increased leaf SPAD values, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (Gs), thereby enhancing photosynthetic efficiency. Meanwhile, proline (Pro) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity were increased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased, effectively alleviating oxidative damage caused by saline–alkali stress and enhancing plant stress resistance. Among all treatments, the medium concentration of Aikesha microbial fertilizer (T8 and T17) exhibited the optimal effect. At the flowering stage, Pn of the two cultivars increased by 22.82% and 19.49%, respectively, compared with the control. At the grain-filling stage, MDA content decreased by approximately 21% compared with the control. Grain yield reached 4879.65 kg/hm² and 4709.59 kg/hm², representing yield increases of 26.20% and 22.17%, respectively, relative to the control. The overall performance of the three microbial fertilizers followed the order: Aikesha > polylactic acid > Qiaosengen, and the medium concentration treatments were generally superior to both the low and high concentrations. The results of this study provide a scientific basis and technical support for the rational application of microbial fertilizers in oil sunflower cultivation on saline–alkali soils.