<p>Short video addiction has become an important issue among college students with the expansion of digital media use. This study examined the associations among social anxiety, perceived stress, adverse childhood experiences, psychological resilience, and short video addiction, drawing on compensatory internet use theory and psychological resilience theory. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 900 college students from universities in China, and we analyzed the data using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results showed that short video addiction was positively associated with social anxiety, perceived stress, and adverse childhood experiences, and negatively associated with psychological resilience. Additionally, psychological resilience partially mediated these associations, and the association between perceived stress and short video addiction was stronger among females than among males. These results add to the literature on the psychological correlates of short video addiction and provide implications for research and practice concerning psychological resilience and short video addiction among college students.</p>