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<p>Random polygonal aggregates represent the most realistic aggregate morphology in the mesostructure of concrete. Their angular characteristics and spatial distribution have a decisive influence on the stress concentration, crack initiation, and ultimate failure mode of the material under uniaxial compression. Therefore, in-depth research in this area is essential for revealing the essence of the macroscopic mechanical behavior of concrete. To this end, this paper presents an SPH-based simulation framework for uniaxial compression failure of concrete by integrating the Mohr–Coulomb criterion with tensile cutoff and an improved smoothing kernel function. A key component is the development of an in-house particle generation program for random polygonal aggregates, which achieves automatic generation satisfying geometric constraints and precise particle attribute classification based on the separating axis theorem and the ray casting method. Through three sets of comparative numerical examples, the effects of the number of aggregates (30, 40, 50), aggregate size range (1–8&#xa0;mm, 1–10&#xa0;mm, 1–12&#xa0;mm), and shape complexity (number of edges: 8–15, 8–20, 8–25) on the failure mode of concrete are systematically investigated. The findings reveal that an increase in aggregate density or expansion of the size range promotes a transition from localized shear failure to more distributed damage patterns, accompanied by enhanced material brittleness. In contrast, increasing the shape complexity of aggregates (i.e., a larger number of edges) shifts the failure mode from “angularity-dominated concentrated shear failure” to “interface-dominated fine diffuse failure,” significantly improving material ductility. Comparison and validation with existing results show that the proposed method achieves good agreement in terms of failure morphology and crack evolution. This study provides an efficient modeling approach and theoretical support for the mesomechanical analysis of concrete with irregular aggregates.</p>

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Parametric modeling of random polygonal aggregates in concrete and nusssmerical simulation of uniaxial compression using SPH

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Xiaonian Chen,
  • Yiwei Gao,
  • Xiuchang Song,
  • Zhengxiong Bai,
  • Zhen Li,
  • Daniel Dias

摘要

Random polygonal aggregates represent the most realistic aggregate morphology in the mesostructure of concrete. Their angular characteristics and spatial distribution have a decisive influence on the stress concentration, crack initiation, and ultimate failure mode of the material under uniaxial compression. Therefore, in-depth research in this area is essential for revealing the essence of the macroscopic mechanical behavior of concrete. To this end, this paper presents an SPH-based simulation framework for uniaxial compression failure of concrete by integrating the Mohr–Coulomb criterion with tensile cutoff and an improved smoothing kernel function. A key component is the development of an in-house particle generation program for random polygonal aggregates, which achieves automatic generation satisfying geometric constraints and precise particle attribute classification based on the separating axis theorem and the ray casting method. Through three sets of comparative numerical examples, the effects of the number of aggregates (30, 40, 50), aggregate size range (1–8 mm, 1–10 mm, 1–12 mm), and shape complexity (number of edges: 8–15, 8–20, 8–25) on the failure mode of concrete are systematically investigated. The findings reveal that an increase in aggregate density or expansion of the size range promotes a transition from localized shear failure to more distributed damage patterns, accompanied by enhanced material brittleness. In contrast, increasing the shape complexity of aggregates (i.e., a larger number of edges) shifts the failure mode from “angularity-dominated concentrated shear failure” to “interface-dominated fine diffuse failure,” significantly improving material ductility. Comparison and validation with existing results show that the proposed method achieves good agreement in terms of failure morphology and crack evolution. This study provides an efficient modeling approach and theoretical support for the mesomechanical analysis of concrete with irregular aggregates.