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<p>Exercise disrupts hormonal balance, driving physiological adaptations. However, inconsistent findings exist due to methodological limitations. To address this, this study simultaneously profiled 16 steroid hormones via LC-MS/MS in response to three distinct exercise modalities – moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE), resistance exercise (RE), and High-intensity Intermittent Exercise (HIIE) – using a randomized crossover design. Ten healthy adult males completed HIIE (&gt; 80% V̇O<sub>2max</sub>), MICE (&lt; 65% V̇O<sub>2max</sub>) and whole-body RE (3 sets×10 reps at 70% 1RM with 90&#xa0;s rest) in a randomized sequence. Blood samples were collected pre-, 10&#xa0;min post-, and 2&#xa0;h post-exercise, and analyzed for glucose, lactate, and steroid hormones. DHEA and androstenedione increased post-exercise following MICE, HIIE (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and RE (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), but declined below rest by 2&#xa0;h. Estrone increased 2&#xa0;h post-RE vs. post-exercise (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and 2&#xa0;h post-HIIE vs. rest (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Only HIIE elevated cortisol (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and cortisone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) post-exercise, while cortisol fell below rest at 2&#xa0;h across all modalities (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). HIIE also raised corticosterone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), exceeding post-MICE (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) which showed sub-resting corticosterone at 2&#xa0;h post-exercise (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). All exercise modalities increased aldosterone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), with greater responses in MICE and HIIE than RE. At 2&#xa0;h, all protocols elevated the testosterone: cortisol ratio (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). RE and HIIE altered sex hormone ratios, decreasing testosterone:17b-estradiol and androgens: estrogens, and increasing estrogens: progesterone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These exploratory findings demonstrate mode-specific acute hormonal responses in young males. Future studies should explore circulating hormonal tissue interactions to clarify potential functional adaptations.</p>

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Steroid hormone responses to three exercise modalities assessed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in a randomized crossover trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • D. McCullough,
  • P. Ferentinos,
  • N. Z. M. Homer,
  • A. Basiukajć,
  • D. R. Woods,
  • R. M. Gifford,
  • T. Ispoglou

摘要

Exercise disrupts hormonal balance, driving physiological adaptations. However, inconsistent findings exist due to methodological limitations. To address this, this study simultaneously profiled 16 steroid hormones via LC-MS/MS in response to three distinct exercise modalities – moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE), resistance exercise (RE), and High-intensity Intermittent Exercise (HIIE) – using a randomized crossover design. Ten healthy adult males completed HIIE (> 80% V̇O2max), MICE (< 65% V̇O2max) and whole-body RE (3 sets×10 reps at 70% 1RM with 90 s rest) in a randomized sequence. Blood samples were collected pre-, 10 min post-, and 2 h post-exercise, and analyzed for glucose, lactate, and steroid hormones. DHEA and androstenedione increased post-exercise following MICE, HIIE (both P < 0.01), and RE (P < 0.05), but declined below rest by 2 h. Estrone increased 2 h post-RE vs. post-exercise (P < 0.01), and 2 h post-HIIE vs. rest (P < 0.01). Only HIIE elevated cortisol (P < 0.001) and cortisone (P < 0.01) post-exercise, while cortisol fell below rest at 2 h across all modalities (P < 0.001). HIIE also raised corticosterone (P < 0.001), exceeding post-MICE (P < 0.01) which showed sub-resting corticosterone at 2 h post-exercise (P < 0.01). All exercise modalities increased aldosterone (P < 0.01), with greater responses in MICE and HIIE than RE. At 2 h, all protocols elevated the testosterone: cortisol ratio (P < 0.05). RE and HIIE altered sex hormone ratios, decreasing testosterone:17b-estradiol and androgens: estrogens, and increasing estrogens: progesterone (P < 0.05). These exploratory findings demonstrate mode-specific acute hormonal responses in young males. Future studies should explore circulating hormonal tissue interactions to clarify potential functional adaptations.