Scholarlink

<p>This study evaluated the effects of different cleansing protocols on the wettability, surface free energy, and chemical composition of zirconia surfaces contaminated with saliva or metallic particles. Zirconia specimens (<i>N</i> = 90) were randomly assigned to three contamination conditions (none, saliva, metallic particles) and six cleansing protocols (C-control, A-autoclave, U-ultrasonic bath, E-ethanol, C-chlorhexidine, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-hydrogen peroxide). Surface wettability was assessed by contact angle measurements with water and diiodomethane, and work of adhesion (WoA) and surface free energy (SFE) were calculated using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble model. Elemental composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Both contamination type and cleaning method significantly influenced contact angle, WoA, and SFE (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), including their interaction. Saliva and metallic contamination decreased surface hydrophilicity and polar SFE. Chlorhexidine was most effective, restoring low contact angles and high SFE across all conditions. Ethanol and autoclave also performed well, especially in saliva-contaminated samples. Ultrasonic cleaning effectively removed metallic debris. Hydrogen peroxide results were inconsistent, notably after metallic contamination. Contamination alters zirconia surfaces; cleaning effectiveness varies with contaminant type and protocol. Chlorhexidine is the best cleaner. Ethanol, autoclave, and ultrasonic methods are alternatives, with ultrasonic especially effective against metals because of its mechanical cleaning. Effective zirconia implant cleaning is vital to restore wettability after contamination. Findings show hydrogen peroxide alone may be inadequate, highlighting the need for more reliable cleaning methods.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Cleansability of zirconia implants after exposure to different contamination media: a methodological assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月21日

查看全文
  • Andrina Sophia Frank,
  • Luiza Freitas Brum Souza,
  • Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu,
  • Mutlu Özcan

摘要

This study evaluated the effects of different cleansing protocols on the wettability, surface free energy, and chemical composition of zirconia surfaces contaminated with saliva or metallic particles. Zirconia specimens (N = 90) were randomly assigned to three contamination conditions (none, saliva, metallic particles) and six cleansing protocols (C-control, A-autoclave, U-ultrasonic bath, E-ethanol, C-chlorhexidine, H2O2-hydrogen peroxide). Surface wettability was assessed by contact angle measurements with water and diiodomethane, and work of adhesion (WoA) and surface free energy (SFE) were calculated using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble model. Elemental composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Both contamination type and cleaning method significantly influenced contact angle, WoA, and SFE (p < 0.001), including their interaction. Saliva and metallic contamination decreased surface hydrophilicity and polar SFE. Chlorhexidine was most effective, restoring low contact angles and high SFE across all conditions. Ethanol and autoclave also performed well, especially in saliva-contaminated samples. Ultrasonic cleaning effectively removed metallic debris. Hydrogen peroxide results were inconsistent, notably after metallic contamination. Contamination alters zirconia surfaces; cleaning effectiveness varies with contaminant type and protocol. Chlorhexidine is the best cleaner. Ethanol, autoclave, and ultrasonic methods are alternatives, with ultrasonic especially effective against metals because of its mechanical cleaning. Effective zirconia implant cleaning is vital to restore wettability after contamination. Findings show hydrogen peroxide alone may be inadequate, highlighting the need for more reliable cleaning methods.