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<p>Expanding olive cultivation into newly reclaimed sandy soils faces challenges from salinity, low fertility, and limited water-holding capacity. Success depends critically on cultivar selection, yet comparative information remains limited. This study evaluated four olive cultivars (‘Arbosana’, ‘Arbequina’, ‘Coratina’, ‘Maraqi’) in Egypt’s Wadi Al-Natrun region over two seasons (2024–2025) using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Measurements included vegetative growth, physiological stress indicators (SPAD, RWC, proline), reproductive traits, yield components, fruit properties, and oil content. Significant genotypic variation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) revealed three distinct performance profiles. ‘Coratina’ showed the most vigorous growth (canopy volume: 8.2–8.5 m³) and highest yield (21.2–22.5 kg tree⁻¹) and oil content (51.0–52.0%), but exhibited lowest RWC (68.8–75.4%), highest proline (12.5–14.2 µmol g⁻¹ FW), and lowest fruit set (0.9–1.2%). ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Arbosana’ showed constrained growth (3.1–3.6 m³) but maintained high RWC (78.9–87.2%), low proline (3.1–6.5 µmol g⁻¹ FW), superior fruit set (3.3–4.2%), and highest yield efficiency (3.6–3.8 kg m⁻³). ‘Maraqi’ displayed intermediate growth (5.6 m³) with highest RWC (86.2–88.5%) and lowest proline (2.8–3.0 µmol g⁻¹ FW), but yield efficiency was low (2.8 kg m⁻³) and fruit set declined 21.4% in the second season. Significant Cultivar × Year interactions indicated differential environmental sensitivity. No single cultivar is universally superior; optimal selection depends on matching performance profiles to production goals, orchard design, and resource availability.</p>

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A comparative study of the growth, yield, and physiological responses of arbosana, arbequina, coratina, and maraqi olive cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Ashraf E. Hamdy,
  • Alsayed E. Mekky,
  • Ibrahim A. Elnaggar,
  • Hosny F. Abdel-Aziz,
  • Sahar I. El-shennawy,
  • Eman N. Mustafa,
  • Abd El-wahed N. Abd El-wahed

摘要

Expanding olive cultivation into newly reclaimed sandy soils faces challenges from salinity, low fertility, and limited water-holding capacity. Success depends critically on cultivar selection, yet comparative information remains limited. This study evaluated four olive cultivars (‘Arbosana’, ‘Arbequina’, ‘Coratina’, ‘Maraqi’) in Egypt’s Wadi Al-Natrun region over two seasons (2024–2025) using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Measurements included vegetative growth, physiological stress indicators (SPAD, RWC, proline), reproductive traits, yield components, fruit properties, and oil content. Significant genotypic variation (p < 0.001) revealed three distinct performance profiles. ‘Coratina’ showed the most vigorous growth (canopy volume: 8.2–8.5 m³) and highest yield (21.2–22.5 kg tree⁻¹) and oil content (51.0–52.0%), but exhibited lowest RWC (68.8–75.4%), highest proline (12.5–14.2 µmol g⁻¹ FW), and lowest fruit set (0.9–1.2%). ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Arbosana’ showed constrained growth (3.1–3.6 m³) but maintained high RWC (78.9–87.2%), low proline (3.1–6.5 µmol g⁻¹ FW), superior fruit set (3.3–4.2%), and highest yield efficiency (3.6–3.8 kg m⁻³). ‘Maraqi’ displayed intermediate growth (5.6 m³) with highest RWC (86.2–88.5%) and lowest proline (2.8–3.0 µmol g⁻¹ FW), but yield efficiency was low (2.8 kg m⁻³) and fruit set declined 21.4% in the second season. Significant Cultivar × Year interactions indicated differential environmental sensitivity. No single cultivar is universally superior; optimal selection depends on matching performance profiles to production goals, orchard design, and resource availability.