Scholarlink

<p>Mulberry (<i>Morus alba</i>) leaves exhibiting vein clearing and leaf deformation were subjected to high-throughput sequencing, which revealed the presence of <i>Pospiviroid exocortiscitri</i> (Citrus exocortis viroid, CEVd) and <i>Hostuviroid impedihumuli</i> (Hop stunt viroid, HSVd). Subsequent detection using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of both viroids exclusively in symptomatic samples. To fulfill Koch’s postulates, agroinoculation was performed using recombinant plasmids harboring dimeric cDNA clones of <i>P</i>. <i>exocortiscitri</i> and <i>H</i>. <i>impedihumuli</i>. Inoculated mulberry seedlings developed vein clearing and leaf deformation symptoms consistent with field observations. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) demonstrated significant accumulation of viroid RNA in infected seedlings at 6 and 8 months post-inoculation. Genetic variability was primarily localized within the pathogenicity (P) and variable (V) domains of <i>P</i>. <i>exocortiscitri</i>, and within the P and central (C) domains of <i>H</i>. <i>impedihumuli</i>. Sequence polymorphisms distinguished the Shiraz mulberry isolates from previously characterized reference strains CEVd-S (citrus isolate) and HSVd-morIII (Iranian mulberry isolate). This study integrates molecular and biological analyses of mulberry isolate of <i>P</i>. <i>exocortiscitri</i> and, to the best of our knowledge, provides the first world confirmation of mulberry infection by this viroid. It also establishes the cause – and – effect relationship between <i>H</i>. <i>impedihumuli</i> infection and vein clearing and between <i>P. exocortiscitri</i> infection and leaf deformation in mulberry.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Biological and genetic characteristics of Pospiviroid exocortiscitri and Hostuviroid impedihumuli in mulberry trees from Shiraz, Iran, using infectious clones

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

查看全文
  • Alireza Keshtkar,
  • Keramatollah Izadpanah,
  • Alireza Afsharifar,
  • Ali Moghadam,
  • Seyed Ali Akbar Behjatnia

摘要

Mulberry (Morus alba) leaves exhibiting vein clearing and leaf deformation were subjected to high-throughput sequencing, which revealed the presence of Pospiviroid exocortiscitri (Citrus exocortis viroid, CEVd) and Hostuviroid impedihumuli (Hop stunt viroid, HSVd). Subsequent detection using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of both viroids exclusively in symptomatic samples. To fulfill Koch’s postulates, agroinoculation was performed using recombinant plasmids harboring dimeric cDNA clones of P. exocortiscitri and H. impedihumuli. Inoculated mulberry seedlings developed vein clearing and leaf deformation symptoms consistent with field observations. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) demonstrated significant accumulation of viroid RNA in infected seedlings at 6 and 8 months post-inoculation. Genetic variability was primarily localized within the pathogenicity (P) and variable (V) domains of P. exocortiscitri, and within the P and central (C) domains of H. impedihumuli. Sequence polymorphisms distinguished the Shiraz mulberry isolates from previously characterized reference strains CEVd-S (citrus isolate) and HSVd-morIII (Iranian mulberry isolate). This study integrates molecular and biological analyses of mulberry isolate of P. exocortiscitri and, to the best of our knowledge, provides the first world confirmation of mulberry infection by this viroid. It also establishes the cause – and – effect relationship between H. impedihumuli infection and vein clearing and between P. exocortiscitri infection and leaf deformation in mulberry.