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<p>Most of our knowledge about the dog–human relationship comes from studies with dogs from ‘WEIRD’ (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) societies. Here, we investigate cultural differences in dog–owner interactions worldwide. To achieve this, we developed a test battery comprising six well-established social-cognitive experiments and a questionnaire that assessed the psychological and practical aspects of the dog–human bond. We tested hunting dogs alongside their owners in five rural societies across culturally diverse locations in various countries: Vanuatu, Mongolia, Madagascar, Peru, and Germany. Despite dramatic cultural and environmental differences, we found that dog–human relationships were remarkably similar. Residual differences may be attributed to variations in hunting techniques and differences between WEIRD and non-WEIRD societies.</p>

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Striking global similarities in dog–human interactions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Juliane Bräuer,
  • Yana Bender,
  • Louise Jandke,
  • Lea Ulverich,
  • Henriette Mank,
  • Christoph J. Völter,
  • Lana Takau,
  • Justorien Rambeloniaina,
  • Roberto Zariquiey,
  • Mariana Poblete,
  • Stefan R. Schweinberger,
  • Russell D. Gray

摘要

Most of our knowledge about the dog–human relationship comes from studies with dogs from ‘WEIRD’ (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) societies. Here, we investigate cultural differences in dog–owner interactions worldwide. To achieve this, we developed a test battery comprising six well-established social-cognitive experiments and a questionnaire that assessed the psychological and practical aspects of the dog–human bond. We tested hunting dogs alongside their owners in five rural societies across culturally diverse locations in various countries: Vanuatu, Mongolia, Madagascar, Peru, and Germany. Despite dramatic cultural and environmental differences, we found that dog–human relationships were remarkably similar. Residual differences may be attributed to variations in hunting techniques and differences between WEIRD and non-WEIRD societies.