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<p>Studies on plant landscapes reveal a high degree of complexity in how environmental factors interact with individuals’ psychophysiological recovery processes, particularly the moderating role of individual differences in recovery effects remains to be systematically and thoroughly explored through empirical research. Therefore, we established a three-dimensional experimental framework of “weather-plant phenology-plant type,” integrating EEG and psychological assessment methods to evaluate psychophysiological recovery effects of different plant landscape conditions on individuals. We also incorporated individual different variables such as personality traits and weather preferences to explore their moderating mechanisms on recovery effects. Results indicate: (1) Regardless of weather conditions, blooming plant landscapes significantly enhance physiological (Pa, Pm) and psychological recovery levels, while recovery effects in senescent landscapes vary depending on plant type; (2) Both neuroticism and extraversion significantly modulated the restorative effects of plant landscapes. Neuroticism exhibited a nonlinear dynamic pattern of “promotion-optimal-inhibition”; (3) Personality traits were the key factor influencing restorative differences (highest Mantel’s r), with explanatory power significantly exceeding that of weather preference and gender. We deepen our understanding of plant landscape recovery mechanisms through multifactor interaction and individual variation lens, providing theoretical foundations and practical references for urban green space planning and the scientific construction of healing urban environments.</p>

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Restorative effects of plant landscapes under different weather and phenology conditions: evidence from EEG and psychological responses

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Yinfeng Zhao,
  • Juan Wei,
  • Yongde Zhong,
  • Mingchun Luo,
  • Jiangzhou Wu

摘要

Studies on plant landscapes reveal a high degree of complexity in how environmental factors interact with individuals’ psychophysiological recovery processes, particularly the moderating role of individual differences in recovery effects remains to be systematically and thoroughly explored through empirical research. Therefore, we established a three-dimensional experimental framework of “weather-plant phenology-plant type,” integrating EEG and psychological assessment methods to evaluate psychophysiological recovery effects of different plant landscape conditions on individuals. We also incorporated individual different variables such as personality traits and weather preferences to explore their moderating mechanisms on recovery effects. Results indicate: (1) Regardless of weather conditions, blooming plant landscapes significantly enhance physiological (Pa, Pm) and psychological recovery levels, while recovery effects in senescent landscapes vary depending on plant type; (2) Both neuroticism and extraversion significantly modulated the restorative effects of plant landscapes. Neuroticism exhibited a nonlinear dynamic pattern of “promotion-optimal-inhibition”; (3) Personality traits were the key factor influencing restorative differences (highest Mantel’s r), with explanatory power significantly exceeding that of weather preference and gender. We deepen our understanding of plant landscape recovery mechanisms through multifactor interaction and individual variation lens, providing theoretical foundations and practical references for urban green space planning and the scientific construction of healing urban environments.