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<p>This study explored the potential of <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> XJ-1 as a biocontrol agent against <i>Fusarium asiaticum</i>, the pathogen of maize stem base rot. Pot experiments were conducted to determine the morphological and physiological indicators of corn treated with and without strain XJ-1, and the incidence rate, disease index, and relative control efficacy were calculated. The effects of the fermentation filtrate of XJ-1 on the reactive oxygen species content and the activities of related defense enzymes of <i>F. asiaticum</i> were determined. Compared with the treatment of only inoculating <i>F. asiaticum</i>, only inoculating XJ-1 for biological enhancement significantly alleviated the severity of maize stem base rot and reduced the disease incidence. The protective and therapeutic efficacy of XJ-1 against <i>F. asiaticum</i> was 61.7% and 56.3%, respectively. Compared with the control, XJ-1 significantly promoted the growth of corn with an increase of plant height, stem diameter, dry and fresh weight of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area by 32.30%, 33.33%, 24.48%, 32.14%, 40.66%, 20.92%, and 28.95%, respectively. The contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble sugar, nitrate nitrogen, and inorganic phosphorus in the leaves all increased significantly by 1.75, 1.29, 1.07, 1.47, and 1.40 times that of the control, respectively. The fermentation filtrate of XJ-1 significantly increased the contents of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, along with the clearance rate of the hydroxyl radical, whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were significantly reduced. Moreover, XJ-1destroyed the hyphae and cell structure of <i>F. asiaticum</i>, leading to depression, dryness, uneven thickness, and leakage of cell contents. Therefore, strain XJ-1 has a significant promoting effect on corn plants suffering from corn stem base rot with potential application value in biological control and agricultural production.</p>

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Bacillus halotolerans XJ-1 inhibits the fungal pathogen Fusarium asiaticum while promoting the growth of maize

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Xiaohua Hao,
  • Yating Dong,
  • Jianming Wang

摘要

This study explored the potential of Bacillus halotolerans XJ-1 as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium asiaticum, the pathogen of maize stem base rot. Pot experiments were conducted to determine the morphological and physiological indicators of corn treated with and without strain XJ-1, and the incidence rate, disease index, and relative control efficacy were calculated. The effects of the fermentation filtrate of XJ-1 on the reactive oxygen species content and the activities of related defense enzymes of F. asiaticum were determined. Compared with the treatment of only inoculating F. asiaticum, only inoculating XJ-1 for biological enhancement significantly alleviated the severity of maize stem base rot and reduced the disease incidence. The protective and therapeutic efficacy of XJ-1 against F. asiaticum was 61.7% and 56.3%, respectively. Compared with the control, XJ-1 significantly promoted the growth of corn with an increase of plant height, stem diameter, dry and fresh weight of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area by 32.30%, 33.33%, 24.48%, 32.14%, 40.66%, 20.92%, and 28.95%, respectively. The contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble sugar, nitrate nitrogen, and inorganic phosphorus in the leaves all increased significantly by 1.75, 1.29, 1.07, 1.47, and 1.40 times that of the control, respectively. The fermentation filtrate of XJ-1 significantly increased the contents of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, along with the clearance rate of the hydroxyl radical, whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were significantly reduced. Moreover, XJ-1destroyed the hyphae and cell structure of F. asiaticum, leading to depression, dryness, uneven thickness, and leakage of cell contents. Therefore, strain XJ-1 has a significant promoting effect on corn plants suffering from corn stem base rot with potential application value in biological control and agricultural production.