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<p>Environmentally friendly green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles provides the best ways of protection for post-harvest pest and microbial management. This study reports the synthesis of silver oxide (Ag<sub>2</sub>O), zinc oxide (ZnO), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using the aqueous root extract of <i>Solanum incanum (SI)</i> as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine optical features, functional groups, crystalline phases, and morphology, respectively. Bioassay against maize weevil and pathogenic bacteria was evaluated and has shown promising insecticidal activity against maize weevils and the pathogens. All the biosynthesized nanoparticles at the concentration of 100&#xa0;mg were used against the maize weevil (<i>Sitophilus zeamais</i>) and shown 100% mortality in a 16-day treatment. Among the three metal-oxide nanoparticles test for their antibacterial activity, the highest efficacy was observed for ZnO-NPs-<i>SI</i> against <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (28&#xa0;mm), followed by CuO-NPs-SI against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (25&#xa0;mm) and ZnO-NPs-<i>SI</i> against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (24&#xa0;mm). These results show that <i>SI</i>-mediated synthesis of Ag<sub>2</sub>O, ZnO, and CuO NPs have promising activity in both controlling <i>S. zeamais</i> and reducing bacterial contamination. This makes them good candidates for green postharvest protection of maize.</p>

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Solanum incanum-mediated green synthesis and characterization of silver oxide, zinc oxide, and copper oxide nanoparticles for the control of maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais) and postharvest microbial contamination

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月31日

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  • Jabesa Nagasa Guyasa,
  • Ebisa Mirete Deresa,
  • Tamiru Fayisa Diriba,
  • Meseret Chemeda Beza,
  • Lata Lachisa Likasa,
  • Kebena Tekle Etefa,
  • Megersa Gudisa Bulcha,
  • Demelash Jado Dadi

摘要

Environmentally friendly green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles provides the best ways of protection for post-harvest pest and microbial management. This study reports the synthesis of silver oxide (Ag2O), zinc oxide (ZnO), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using the aqueous root extract of Solanum incanum (SI) as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine optical features, functional groups, crystalline phases, and morphology, respectively. Bioassay against maize weevil and pathogenic bacteria was evaluated and has shown promising insecticidal activity against maize weevils and the pathogens. All the biosynthesized nanoparticles at the concentration of 100 mg were used against the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) and shown 100% mortality in a 16-day treatment. Among the three metal-oxide nanoparticles test for their antibacterial activity, the highest efficacy was observed for ZnO-NPs-SI against Bacillus cereus (28 mm), followed by CuO-NPs-SI against Escherichia coli (25 mm) and ZnO-NPs-SI against Staphylococcus aureus (24 mm). These results show that SI-mediated synthesis of Ag2O, ZnO, and CuO NPs have promising activity in both controlling S. zeamais and reducing bacterial contamination. This makes them good candidates for green postharvest protection of maize.