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<p>Previous studies on high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) have typically categorized human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status broadly as positive or negative without distinguishing specific subtypesgenotypes, which may obscure microenvironmental features associated with single HPV16 infection. Therefore, this study characterized the cervical microbiota in 35 single HPV16-positive HSIL women compared to 38 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The HPV16-positive HSIL group exhibited significant increases in microbial richness and evenness. Compositional alterations included a reduction in <i>Firmicutes</i> and an increase in <i>Fusobacteriota</i>, a decrease in <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and an increase in <i>Sneathia</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Functional prediction revealed significant differences in multiple KEGG pathways and COG functional categories between the two groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These findings indicate that single HPV16-positive HSIL is characterized by a dysbiotic microbiota with increased α-diversity, <i>Lactobacillus</i> depletion, and <i>Sneathia</i> enrichment, providing a foundation for exploring these microbes as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. The mechanisms underlying these changes warrant further investigation.</p>

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Cervical microbial dysbiosis in single HPV16-positive HSIL

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Mengxin Du,
  • Lingyun Wei,
  • Mengyu Geng,
  • Wenzhen Wang,
  • Lin Wang,
  • Xiaochun Liu

摘要

Previous studies on high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) have typically categorized human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status broadly as positive or negative without distinguishing specific subtypesgenotypes, which may obscure microenvironmental features associated with single HPV16 infection. Therefore, this study characterized the cervical microbiota in 35 single HPV16-positive HSIL women compared to 38 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The HPV16-positive HSIL group exhibited significant increases in microbial richness and evenness. Compositional alterations included a reduction in Firmicutes and an increase in Fusobacteriota, a decrease in Lactobacillus, and an increase in Sneathia (P < 0.05). Functional prediction revealed significant differences in multiple KEGG pathways and COG functional categories between the two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that single HPV16-positive HSIL is characterized by a dysbiotic microbiota with increased α-diversity, Lactobacillus depletion, and Sneathia enrichment, providing a foundation for exploring these microbes as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. The mechanisms underlying these changes warrant further investigation.